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Speeches; Aircraft Production
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Speeches; Aircraft Production
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box: 539
folder: 16
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1940 to 1941
-
ESTIMATED
REQUIREMENTS
LABOR
Tor
the
INDUSTRY
AIRCRAFT
under
of
PROGRAM
DEFENSE
NATIONAL
December
19,
1940
eo
« egies
as
the
STATES
UNITED
BUREAU
|
OF
DEPARTMENT
OF LABOR
LABOR
STATISTICS
,
WashingtonD.-
C.
Corrkx ts
Expansion
of the
Industry
Aircraft
Governmental Assistance for Plant
or Kquipment
Expansion,
of
the
Aircraft
Industry
te
Location
Construction,
Airframes
oT
2
Air Engines
Propellers
Expansion of Manufacturing
Future
Labor
Potential
Location
Labor
Floor
Requirements
to Present
Additions
of New
Jobs
by
Requirements
in
the
Space
Program
Aircraft
Lo
16
Industry
L?
Occupation
FRR ACK
(304520)
COR 2a HR TS
e
(continued)
TABLES.
oe
Page
No.
Table
Aircraft_
to Expand
:
|
i
He Be Government Advances
Producing Capacity
Qe
Principal’ Firms
Producing
Military
Oe
Principal
Firms
Producing
Military Engines
ae
Present
Aircraft
Total Employees | in Plants
Aircraft. Industry
Bis
Airframe
cist
At Site
By
of Final
Occupation
a
1941.
7.
|
of
Final
- Additional
and
Assembly
Skill
|
Assembly,
LY
Needed
Workers
1941,
by August
,
20
Engine and Propeller chasers « Additional
Workers. Needed at the Site of Final Assembly
By August 1941; by Occupation and Skill
io.
7
of New Workers to be Hired
Industry Each Month from”
“er
| ——
Aircraft —
the
in
Employment
Estimate of Number
By the Aircraft
6.
:
Factories
“Estimated Total
_ Industry|
Oe
Principal
of the
Space
Floor
and ‘Future
Plenes
Oe
CHARTS
No.
Chart
index
i.
_
of ‘Pe terment
1932
>. and Estimate for August
Aircraft
Industry
- October
1941)
1940,
in the Aircraft Industry
New Workdiie: Needed Each
"Industry to Complete
(Based on
ba
the
(Annual Averages, 1935-1939; ‘October
and Estimate for August 1941) 7
Se
4.
January
(By Months,
Total Employment
2.
in
New
:
Wintiecin
Commitments
Needed
August. 1941
(Map)
in
LO
|
1940
ok
Month in the Aircraft
|
Program in. 1942
the
to Deliver)
Aircraft
Industry
Seéneiped Occupations of Additional workers
Needed in the Aircraft Industry at Site of
Final Assembly by August 1941
oR sR ok RK,
by
14
18
24
EXPANSION OF THE ATRCRAFT INDUSTRY—
al
spas
tinea stean or atiatfens tai deidlcieaDhsiaiiny sp ammmecanin: +. sommes
ee
RN
Smee
aircraft. industry are
of the
Unfilled-orders
wetter
mRRe
now well
over
United States Army contracts heve all been awarded, but
$3,500,000,000.
will
it
which
plenes
the
of
hundreds
some
for
contract
Navy has still to
the
buy,
g
beginnin
the
At
Britain.
Great
from
expected
are
orders
e
extensiv
end further
under
were
engines
sirplane
end
s
airframe
both
for
orders
of
of 1939, backlogs
which
of
most
,
industry
the
of
becklog
the
1939,
r
Septembe
By
$200,000,000.
whereas
,000,
3400,000
about
was.
Frence,
and
Britain
of Great
represented orders.
By Jenuary 1, 1941,
1, 1940, the total had risen to $621,900,000.
on Jenuary
six
00,000,
$3,700,0
over
to
d
increase
have
will
total
the
thet
it is estimated
|
the preceding year.
times the level:.of
of
backlog
his enormous
createda
hes
orders
number
of
extremely
of
n
io
ns
pa
ex
us
do
en
em
tr
for
y
it
ss
ce
ne
the
(1)
g:
in
ud
cl
in
,
ms
le
serious prob
and
ing
hir
of
y
it
ss
ce
ne
the
(2)
and
t,
er
pm
ui
eq
manufacturing floor space and
,
ae
treining requisite personnel.
lent
fo
Assistance
Governmental
10
Ee
Construction,
that
in
order
LOCATION
OF
THE
estimated
to
meet
Expension,
the
new
or Equipment
demand
for
planes,
li
ci
fa
t
an
pl
el
ic
ys
ph
its
le
ub
do
an
th
re
the aircraft industry will heve to mo
for
e
iv
nt
ce
in
nt
ie
ic
ff
su
y
ll
ua
us
are
es
lv
While normal orders in themse
ties.
rs
de
or
ge
hu
t
en
es
pr
e
th
s,
nd
fu
e
at
iv
pr
s expand their plants with
companieto
de
in
nd
pa
ex
to
on
ti
si
po
a
in
e
«r
s
ie
cre of such megnitude. that few compan
ic
Sr
and
ch
en
Fr
the
th
bo
e,
nc
ue
eq
ns
co
In
pendently within the time desired.
ed
id
ov
pr
ve
ha
,
nt
me
rn
ve
go
es
at
St
ed
it
Un
e
th
ly
te
ish governments, end more la
rn
ve
go
h
is
it
Br
The
n.
io
ns
pe
ex
t
an
pl
for
a great denl of the money required
,
ht
ig
Wr
sis
rt
Cu
,
ll
Be
to
s
nt
ou
am
ed
et
st
ment hes made crpital loans of un
has
nt
ne
rm
ve
go
es
at
St
ed
it
Un
e
Th
.
ee
lt
Vu
Douglas, Lockheed,. Martin, and
.
ry
st
du
in
ft
ra
rc
ai
the
of
n
io
ns
pa
ex
the
clready advanced some $182,627,571 for
|
l.
e
bl
Ta
in
n
ow
sh
are
aid
ch
su
of
The recipients
te
nee
ART
Air
rere
NT
RRR
RNS =
AIRCRLFT
NN EN
ENERO
I
INDUSTRY
Fremes
Cee moNN
Sa
im
of
rt
pa
r
jo
ma
e
th
,
2)
le
ab
(T
e
bl
ta
ng
yi
an
As shown in the accomp
ll
wi
It
t.
as
Co
c
fi
ci
Pe
e
th
g
on
al
d
te
ca
lo
the capacity to produce airframes is
is
th
in
ed
oy
pl
em
e
ar
s
er
rk
wo
me
ra
rf
ai
e
th
be noted that approxirately 60% of
not
ll
wi
n
io
at
tr
en
nc
co
al
ic
ph
ra
og
ge
is
th
It is likely, howevcr, that
erea.
te
ca
lo
to
s
ie
it
or
th
au
ry
ta
li
mi
of
re
si
Because of the de
continue for long.
nd
te
d
se
ea
cr
in
an
is
e
er
th
d,
te
ec
ot
pr
ly
si
ca
vital industries in places more
er
th
ra
es
at
St
ed
it
Un
e
th
of
or
ri
te
in
ency for new factories to be built in the
than
neor
the
sescousts.
(10520)
Company
~Beech
Bell
-
Aircraft
Aircraft
Corp.
:
Corp. —
Aircraft
Co,
Consolidated Aircraft
Curtiss-Wrigny Cord.
Curtiss-Jright
Douglas
Fairchild
Niagara
Wichite,
.
Corn.
Grumman Aircraft Engineering
S
Gienn LL, “Martin CosLockheed Aircraft Corn,
Inc.
Inc,
:
of Texas
Reovublic
Aviation
Corp..
Stearman
Aircraft
Division,
Ryan
Aeroneutical
Dallas,
Farmingdale,
San
United Aircraft
Aircraft,
Vultee
Ine.
Downey,
S: NELLURS
¢; PROPE
ENGI
& Airplane
plant
&
Whitney
United Aircraft
Wright
Division
of
Corp.
Aeronautical
Plant
exvansion
ee
OTA
*
This
does
include
not
Plant
amount
unknown
for
engine
nrovosed
plant
engine
Not
included
sre
two
Not
included
are
additional< 1irframe
City.
Two
These
other
new
are
up
vlants
for
of
avvroval
|
known
expansion:to
to
building
now
unrevor cted
and
size
2 490,00
2,400,000
9,7 04140
expansion
)
|
450,900
370,030
4,340,668
|
1,600,000
1,597 s4aa
expansion
14,799,000
and
at
and
an
$61,900,790.
and
Omaha
Kansas
#10,900,009.
a
total
of
are
under
consideration,
cost
cost
Ford.
of
total
facilities
will
and
Packard
900
,0
37 599
LB2 627 ,O7 4
:
.
a
Ll, 761,740
:
expansion
British assistance
cost
982,89]
expansion
expansion
plant
New
4,800,000
expansion
,
plents
3,500,000
19 ok 920
4, 259,385
expansion
Plant
6
in
850,900
Plant.expansion
Ohio
$70,900,900
about
50
, 00
10,85
expansion
Plant
.
Calif.
Lockland,
14,450,090
12,730,900
expansion
Plant
East Hartford,Conn.
|
Corp.
7,044,900
Lgot? aro.
expansion
- P2ent
Corp. Farmingdale, Lol»
Fairchild Eng.
Plant
Rach...
Hamilton Standard Propeller
:
Hartford,Conn.
Division of United Aircraft Corp.
s
,
ae
of Aviation
Lycoming Division
. Plant
Williamsport, Pae
7
Mfg. Corp.
Pratt
305,0
000
11,243,090
Plant
|
Jonn.
Stratford,
|
Corp.
New
Plant
Nashville, Tenn,
3
Div.,
plant
Plant
LI.
Calif.
Diego,
1,015,000
New plant. .
Wichite,. Fans.
ie
Boeing Aircraft Co.
Stinson Aircraft Division,
Vultee Aircraft, Ine,
Vought-Sikorsky Aircraft
Celif.
Texas
New
Plant expansion
Plant expansion
Plant. expansion
Co, Bethpage,L.I., M1. Y.
«
Md.
‘Baltimore,
Burbank, Calif.
.._-
Co.
Md.
Inglsi.ood,
expansion
New plant
Calif.
$ 1,775,000
plant
+ New plant
Plant expansion
Chio
Hagerstown,
7
North American Aviation,
North American Aviation,
New
Plant
wash.
Beach,
Long
Aircraft Division,
Airplane
New plan
Sty Iiwis, Te,
<
&.
Kans.
Columbus,
‘Plant expansion
N.Y.
San Diego, Calif.
Buffelo, Ne. Va
Corp.
Co,
Engine
Falls,
Amount
|
Purpose
:
et
~eattle,
L
41940
1,
Wichita, Kans.
Corp.
Aircraft
Fairchild
i
Corp,.
Curtiss-Wright
a
FEN E
NR
=
TABLE
CAPACITY
PRODUCING
AIRCRAFT
Location
|
.
IR
IRE NE
December
,
Boeing Aircraft Co,’
poeing
RI AC
NN
EE T
A EC
of
‘As
EXPAND
TO
ADVANCES
GOVERNMENT
4.
AIRFRAMES:
No.
:
,
(10,520)
, PRIN CIPAL FIRMS PRODUCING
:
COMPANY
PACIFIC REGION
- Southern Pacific
Coast Area
Consolidated Aircraft
Douglas Aircraft Co.
=
Lockheed
ee
Corp.
Inglewood,
Hawthorne,
North American Aviation
Northrop Aircraft, Inc.
San
Co,
Aeronauticai
Ryan
Vega Airplane Co.
Vultee Aircraft Inc.
Northern Pacific Coast Area
~ Boeing Aircraft Co.
ATLANTIC REGION
Long
Island
Brewster
Area
Aeronautical
Grumman Aircraft
Republic
3
Aviation
Eng.
Corp.
United Aircraft Corp.
Sikorsky Division)
North Atlantic Area
Fairchild Aircraft
Glenn
L.
Martin
Co.
Bell Aircraft Corp.
Curtiss-Wright Corp.
Curtiss-Wright
Area
Co.
(Vought
‘Div.
CANADIAN BORDER REGION
Buffalo & Niagara Falls
INTERIOR REGION
Bastern interior
Corp.
Area
Calif,.
Segundo,
Calif.
Calif.
Calif.
Calif.
Diego,
Burbank, Calif.
Downey, Calif.
Seattle,
Wash.
Long
L,I.
| yeritia* Gity:
Lui.
Bethpage,
Farmingdale,
“s
:
NO.:
L.I.
3,900
17,300
Bombers
Bombers
#2
BACKLOG
OF
14,200
Bombers,
1,600
Trainers
,
7
De
2/
Bombers
Bombers
4,200
1,200
$300 ,000 ,000
~ 400,000 ,O00.
purstits
2/
oe
Bombers 2/
203,000,000
©, 000
Fighters
100,000,000
2,600
Bombers
Md.
14.500
Trainers,
N. Y
N« Ys
3,300
8,900
Fighters
Fighters,
bombers
Fighters,
bombers
4,100
Bombers
i
.
3/
4/
os
5/
20,000’, 000
Fighters
1,600
1,100
Md.
220,000,000
£4,000 , 000
7,400
:
observation
Conn.
181,000,000.
20,000,000
95,000,000
Bombers
Fighters
& , 300
5, 300
|
:
12,000,000
bombers
:
Hagerstown,
Buffalo,
Buffalo,
noe
Fighters,
Stratford,
Baltimore,
Table
pLANES
RS
ORDE
ARY
bIT
iMi
ron
cno
Tree
BE
_CHE
,;
,
ERS
: OF EMPLOY
1940
1,
DEC.
gp
as
N.
TIO
DUC
PRO
RY
ITA
MIL
2/.
1940
31,
ocT.
San Diego, Calif.
Santa Monica and
Burbank,
Corp.
Aircraft
- APPROXIMATE
LOCATION
Bl
MiLITARY
65,000 , O00
6/
30,000,000
15,000,000
322,000,000
60,000,000
520,000,000
|
7/
|
Corp.
Columbus,
Ohio
0
7/
(10,520)
-
ORATOR
ee
Middlewest
Area
Beech Aircraft
Aircraft
Cessna
|
Corp.
Interior
Southern
Wichita,
Aircreft
|
Kans.
|
|
ite
Transports,
Trainers.
ieee
a
Trainers
|
& 22,000,000
11,000,000
fignters
;
.
Trainers —
Trainers
2
|
7/
Dy -
2,000,000
4/
|
of
+ 3 037,000,000
oeree
nomen a
IN
RAI
on
1,900
1,600
200
700
ee
128,600
|
Besed
1, 700
Trainers
.
ee
4
No.
BACKLOG OF
MILITARY ORDERS
.
600
Kans.
|
Div.)
e
ee
Tulsa, Okla.
Nashville, Tenn.
TOTALS
af
; APPROXIMATE NO.:
> OF EMPLOYEES|,} a
St. Louis, Mo.
Wigenige. Bane.
.
Area
Spartan Aircraft Co.
Vultee Aircraft Inc.
(Stinson
Wichita,
Co.
Curtiss-Wright Corp.
Stearman Aircraft Co.
RRRE = oe
LS
LOCATION
:
COMPANY
ER,
(Cont'd.)
Table #2
PRINCIPAL FIRMS PRODUCING MILITARY PLANES
Aeronautical
of
Final
Monthly
Assembly.)
Progress
Report
|
anda
Semi-Monthly
|
rroduction
neport.
(Total
Employees
at
.
ts
or
sp
an
Tr
al
ci
er
mm
Co
of
er
uc
od
Pr
t
an
rt
po
Im
o,
Als
2/
6 6Ae of August 21, 1940.
.
ia
rn
fo
li
Ce
,
ey
wn
Do
and
e;
se
es
nn
Te
e,
ll
vi
h
Nas
;
an
ig
ch
Mi
t,
oi
tr
De
at
ts
an
Pl
ft
ra
rc
Ai
ee
lt
Vu
es
ud
Incl
4/
).
Co.
ft
ra
rc
Ai
n
ma
ar
te
(S
as
ns
Ka
a,
hit
wic
;
on
gt
in
sh
Wa
e.
ttl
Sea
at
ts
an
Pl
ft
ra
rc
Ai
ng
ei
Bo
Includes
5/
,
rs
le
el
op
Pr
d
ar
nd
ta
-S
on
lt
mi
Ha
and
s,
ne
gi
En
y
ne
it
Wh
Pratt and
oe
6/
r
le
el
op
Pr
d
.an
o;
Ohi
,
us
mb
lu
Co
and
;
ri
ou
ss
Mi
is,
Lou
St.
k;
Yor
New
o,
al
ff
Bu
at
ts
an
Pl
p.
Cor
ht
ig
Wr
sis
rt
Cu
neludes
4
|
.
rp
al
Co
ic
ut
na
ro
Ae
ht
ig
Wr
as
i
wel
,
ia
as
an
lv
sy
nn
Pe
g,
ur
sb
tt
Pi
aa
;
sey
Plents at Clifton and Caldwell, New Jer
Bf
he
of July
10,
1940.
Orders
for U,
S.
Oxly
Included.
|
oa.
©
Engines
Air
Jt
from
The present
at Paterson,
at
other
Hast Hartford,
at
Pennsylvania,
There is a small
in
produesd
the
Two
Connecticut.
plants
smaller
output of enNew Jersey, and
are
located
ng
Lo
on
t
an
pl
r
he
ot
an
and
n,
ow
st
tt
Po
and
rt
po
ms
Willia
are
rs
to
mo
ry
ta
li
Mi
.
ie
rn
fo
li
Ca
rn
he
ut
So
outout from
interior
only
Indianapolis.
at
plent
huge
A
engine
the
that
3)
(Table
teble
is concentrated on the Yastern Sashbosrd.
one
,
ts
an
pl
two
om
fr
y
ll
pa
ci
in
pr
d
ve
ri
de
industry
gines is
the
appear
will
accompanving
the
to
build
in
Island.
now
Wright
is
it
and
,
ti
na
in
nc
Ci
at
on
gi
re
s
thi
in
engines is now under construction
g
in
ur
ct
fa
nu
ma
ne
gi
en
e
th
r
te
en
y
ma
so
el
nd
that Studebakerat South Be
probable
be
on
so
ll
wi
l
ta
en
in
nt
Co
and
d,
ar
ck
Pa
,
rd
Fo
,
er
rd
bo
On the Cenadian
industrv.
be
on
so
ll
wi
ey
th
at
th
y
it
il
ib
ss
vo
a
There is
in large scale vroduction.
.
joined by Buick.
Propellers
eeeatae
ence
ee ae
Propeller
Two
‘
companies
have
manufacturing
propeller
plants
EXPANSION
OF
is
*
also
in
concentrated
Connecticut,
New
in
the
Jersey,
Hastern
and
states.
Pennsyl-
VOaNLa .»
EN
RIA, FACE
ER) ON
ENTE
MANUFACTURING
ALTA
NN,
RS
ORT OR
FLCOR
A SVE
SPACE
OE ARSRLREE
emgmR oN Sm EE Ne
,
nt
me
rn
ve
go
es
at
St
d
te
ni
JI
e
ta
by
ed
nc
va
ad
ms
su
ge
hu
e
th
by
ed
nc
ne
Fi
s
er
ur
ct
fa
nu
me
ft
ra
rc
si
ry
te
li
ni
s,
ce
ur
so
e
at
iv
pr
d
an
nt
me
rn
the British gove
s
ow
sh
4
e
bl
Ta
.
ts
an
pl
w
ne
d
il
bu
to
d
an
ts
an
pl
ng
ti
is
ex
e
rg
la
en
to
have begun
l
ta
to
e
th
of
s
te
me
ti
es
d
an
s
ie
an
mm
eo
l
pe
ci
in
pr
e
th
of
e
ac
sp
r
oo
fl
t
en
es
the pr
at
th
d
te
no
be
ld
ou
sh
it
e
re
tu
fu
e
th
in
e
bl
la
ai
av
be
ll
wi
h
floor space whic
ox
pr
ap
d
en
s
ne
la
rp
ai
r
fo
er
rk
wo
r
pe
ed
ir
qu
re
e
ar
et
fe
re
ua
sq
0
approximetely 10
g.
in
ur
ct
fa
nu
ma
ne
gi
en
r
ai
r
fo
et
imately 150 square fe
(10520)
Re
ce
ee
ak
=~
Eee
er
tee
ee) mee er
«
e
@
e
Location
PACIFIC
ER
EO
ORC
OO
APE SRA
EE GD A
REGION
Pacific
Southern
een
me same
Kinner
Motors,
Region
Ince
Manufacturing
Menasco
Om
REE IS:
Coast
No.
Approximate
Number of
Employees,
oe
T
OL
A TE
||
Soe
TABLE
ARE
eo
Company
ENGINES
mn
es
Los
eg
OT
fe
See Rem
eee
“eee,
31,1940 1/:
Calif...
G@iendale,
Co.
eR
Oct.
Angeles,
100
35QO0
Calif,
Back clog
: Military
3
6
of
Orders
(As of Dec.
1,1940)
700 ,OO0
4,000
, 000
oe
—_—
to
eens
R
mer
EERE
EEE
MILITARY
oe
*
om
PRODUCING
ae
ERR
ae
» FIRMS
oe
eee
at
ea
PRi.¢
Dr]
REGION
ATLANTIC
Long Island Area
Stee & Whitney Division of
United Aircraft Corp.
Ranger Aircraft Engine Division
of Feirchild Engine
Corp.
North Atlontic fren
Lycoming Division,
&
Best
Airplane
Farmingdale,
Long Islend,
Avietion
pom
Manufacturing Co.
Jacobs Aircraft Engine Co.
Wright Aeronautical Corp.
ES
RNIN. Coe
eT
gee REN
Veyne-Detroit
Area —
Corp.
~ Continental Motors
Detroit
~ Aldason Division,
Pes
th
&
=
400
3/
Y.
Pa.
Detroit,
Detroit,
General
N.
10,900
de
800
400
14,100
15,400,000
900
35,000,000
122,323,020
217,000,000
9,000,800
Muskegon,Mich.
Dearbo
, Mich
rn.
Ford Motor Co.
Packard Motor Co.
Verner Aircraft Corp.
INTERIOR REGION
~ Waddlewest Aree
Conn.
premigg
Pottstown,
Paterson,
CAM:DISN BORDER REGION
ene
RS
Hortford,
400
Mich.
Mich.
Indianapolis,
Motors
4
100,000
, O00
Ind.
Corp.
7
495,423,020
& $,882,423,020
RE
OQ Th
- Airframes,
TOTAL
GRAND
engines
end
/
propellers
Re SRR
Mn
eS
a
| eee
a
a/
Based
2/
3/
The
The
on Aeronautical } Monthly
of final
assembly).
backlog
backlog
Tabulation.
4/ The
of
of
backlog of
Progres s
Report
end
Semi-Monthly
Production
Report
(Total
employees
at
site
Pratt & Whitney is included in United Aircraft Corp. on the Airframe Tabulation.
Renger Engine Division is included in Fairchild Engine & Airplane Corp. on the “irframe
* “right
Aeronautical
Corp.
is
included
in
Curtiss-\iright
Corp.
on
the
Airframe
Tabulation.
(10520)
RECENT
or
nt
rawr
ne
AND
>
FUTURE
-.
FLOOR
Acronautical
2
te
Corp.,
Douglas
Douglas
Aircraft
Aircraft
Fairchild
Grumman
Lockheed
The
Aircraft
Glenn
North
Aireraft
L.
&
Long
Island
City,
tng.
American
Corp.,
Cory.,
Co.,
Aviation
Baltimore,
Ince.,
Calif.
L.
Md.
Inglewood,
Republic Aviation
Ryan Aeronautical
Corp., Peowingdale.
Mi
Co., San Diego, Calif.
Stearman
Division
(Boeing
Bridgeport,
TOT.LS
yy
2/
Y,.
Md.
1.,
N.
Division,
Conn.
(United
Y.
.
_
173,250
597 , 800
997,926
648,768
151,450
126,061
orice in Sore
-
Nos
eee
Feta
*
Se
eae
7
=
Percentage
aaeg
Aircraft
De
Aircraft
1
663,112
|
Fe
Co.),
Aircraft
Corp.),
205, 980
149,355
128,525
151,450
1,200 , O60
Unchanged
* iw
1, cee 000
—
»owG
145,000
-
+* Bie
+
$0.0
*
104.3%
1,800 , 000
1,200,000.
3:0.Ge0
37,426
621,000
023,060
600 , O00
2; Jo9 ,OU0
648,768
©
L, 180,850
Calif.
Wichita, Kansas
Vega Airplane Co., Burbank, Calif.
Vultee Aircreft Inc., Nashyi bic e, Tenn.(Stinson
Vultee Aircraft Inc., Downey, Calif.
Vought-—Sikorsky
FACTORIES
°
1,190,000
-
North American Aviation Inec., Dallas, Texas
Northrop Aircraft Ine., Hawthorne, Calif.
Aircraft
AIRCRAFT
-BS6000
210, taG
Hagerstown,
Bethpage,
Corp., Burbank,
Martin
Bx
Santa Monica, Calif.
Long Beach, Cxuiif.
Aircraft
PRINCIP*L
———$ $< $ $$$ __—_______finange
Buffalo, N. ¥.
Columbus, Quio
El Se.undo, Calif.
Co.,
Co.,
ingine
THE
Present
Cessna Aircraft Co., Wichita, Kansas
Curtiss-—Wrignot Corp., St. Louis, Mo.
Curtiss-Wright Corp.,
Curtiss-iright Corp.,
Douglas Aircraft Co.,
OF
Oo Be
ATRFRAMES: Beech Aircraft Corp., Wichita, Kansas
Be. Aiverart Corp., Butfaio, N. Y.
Boeing Aircraft Co., Beattie.
Wash,
Brewster
SPACE
Table
Jig.
500,000
1,560,405
ne
2/
~~
2/
1,488,820
:
1,400,000
1,0CG0,c00
527,530
825 , 500
214,279
+ 224.5
~
+. 24,7
+
faa?
Unchanged
+ 244,8
+ 105.9
+
2/
@ose
+ 120.4
“*
+ 156.3
+ 25867
+ 65,7
205 , 604
265,000
185, 797
Div.) 162,400
647 , 300
889, 000
618,000
1,236 ,000
+ SOSe7
+ 376.2
*
90.5
9,164,430
22,170,304
+ 141.9
310,000
520 , 000
+
a
28.9
7
in 1939.
New
plant.
104520
4
PRESENT
CUMPr
AND
FUTURE
FLOOR
SrACK
OF
Thk ; PRIN ClpfL
«Aan
:
Division
(Gen. Motors
Corp.),
Indianapolis,
Continentai Motors Corp., Muskegon, wich.
Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich,
©o., Pottstown, Pa.
Jacobds Alirer eft Engine
oni it:
Gaendale,
Kinner Motors
IBCs,
Lycoming
LL
Menasco
Stel
Sipn
Divisi
farmingGale,
and
Pratt
Beast
Warner
Co.,
Car
Engine
ger
is
i«
Whitney
tiene
Gii7.
AgeQL Cs,
D e troit, Mich.
( iF eirchild Eng.
N
-
& Aircraft
on,
(United
Corp.,
COTD.,
a
Aircraft
praca
-cace
| ener
Pe.
Paterson,
Loakiand,
Corp.)
,
Corp.)
8,400
2,100,000
MIiCN.
N. Js
Ohio
&
FEET
Fu ) sai
£50,000
581, 400
bith»
Williamsport,
Le
Hartford, Conn.
Detroit,
Aire: eft. Corp.,
utical
Gal
Aeae
Wright
3
Division,
tcigemieneacinmcetentanr
(Cont'd.)
J
Present
rt
Tht
SQU/ RE
4
am
Gal
Divisi
ero
Wri ent
A
ios
Ze
Motor
Packard
Corp.)
Mfe.
(f botetio
Oe
i
IN
Ne.
=
**
Allison
=
FACTORIES
FLOOR SPs Ch
ern
iNGINES?
ALRCRAFT
Tepic
eee ante MU
me Le. Amman
ALI
870 , 000
860, 400
800,000
133,600
40,000
Z80 ,000
100 , 000
1,059,438
94,901
+ 93.2
+ 48.0
~
= 99,2
* 34.8
+261.
+ 93,0
+127.8
+ 35.6
1,661,908
+ 57.4
24,000
3,405,000
1,694, 320
4185.7
* 683
“
1,123,567
+123.9
omen tere
4,967,115
TOTELS
PROPSLULIE
Corp., N. J.
Curtiss-Wright
Hamilton Stendard Division,
conn.
hast Hartford
4
oe
“EO
‘
rennsylvanis
and
(United
Aircraft
220 ,000
178,720
Corp.)
TOTALS
590,000 563,900
398,720
a
RN
A
RR
Or ne
GRAND TOTAL - AIRFRAMES,
a
OSSEE
NGINES,
E
C
ERR
AND
TERRE -
PROPELLERS
a
a
14,530,265
|
+168.2
+215.5
1,153,900
+189.4
34,447,271
+337,2
ee
10,520
No.
eee remaare e puma
here
Interest
program
huge
#3 500,000,000
mously
plant
of
expansion.
future
of
estimates
of
A number
aircraft
espects
labor
execute
To
ALLIED,
will
contracts
of
for
enor-
an
require
force.
labor
increased
focused
of military
worth
on the
PARLE
A
GE AOL
AN
a encom
paramere eater oe
is
REQUIREMENTS _
LABOR
FUTURE
have
requirements
lebor
e
d
i
w
a
to
t
c
e
j
b
u
s
e
ar
l
sl
d
an
,
s
e
s
s
e
u
g
re
pu
e
Many ar
been made.
t
r
a
p
t
s
o
m
e
th
r
fo
e
ar
e
r
e
h
d
e
t
n
e
s
e
r
p
s
e
r
u
g
i
The f
margin of error.
g
n
i
r
u
t
c
a
f
u
n
e
m
l
e
u
c
i
v
i
d
n
i
m
o
r
f
s
t
r
o
p
e
r
l
a
i
t
n
e
derived from confid
companies.
to
model
reports
The
each
made
be
companies
these
of
each
of
number
to
required
work
of
man-hours
the
and
month
the
show
s
r
u
o
h
n
a
m
e
th
d
e
t
a
m
i
t
s
e
e
v
a
h
we
,
a
t
a
d
e
s
e
h
t
m
Fro
make each model.
.
s
n
o
i
t
a
r
e
p
o
d
e
l
u
d
e
h
c
s
e
h
t
l
l
i
f
l
u
f
to
h
t
n
o
m
h
c
a
e
d
which must be applie
Examinations
progrem
the
for
rate
constant
industry
the
z )
is
y
r
t
s
u
d
n
i
t
f
a
r
c
r
i
a
e
th
in
t
n
e
m
y
o
l
p
m
e
t
n
e
s
e
r
the p
an
at
d
n
a
y
l
d
i
p
a
r
n
e
s
i
r
s
a
h
It
.
d
e
h
c
a
e
r
r
e
point ev
will show that
at the highest
almost
accompanying
of the
1 and
charts (Charts
The
executed.
be
is to
an
at
pushed
be
must
years.
two
past
the
Notwithstanding
even
rate
ereater
the
of
magnitude
increase
of
this,
expansion
7
e
h
t
in
t
n
e
m
y
o
l
p
m
e
l
a
t
o
t
e
h
t
g
n
i
t
s
a
r
t
n
o
c
by
reouired may be seen
r
o
f
t
n
e
m
y
o
l
p
m
e
l
a
t
o
t
d
e
t
a
m
i
t
s
e
e
h
t
h
t
i
w
0
4
9
1
r
e
b
o
t
c
O
in
y
r
t
s
u
d
in
s
r
e
r
u
t
c
a
f
u
n
a
m
of
s
t
n
e
m
t
i
m
m
o
c
t
n
e
s
e
r
to
g
n
i
d
r
o
c
c
a
n
e
h
w
2
,
41
19
t
Augus
?
r
e
b
o
t
c
O
r
o
F
.
5)
e
l
b
a
T
(
.
d
e
n
i
a
t
t
a
be
l
l
i
w
t
n
e
employm
peak
the
3
of
d
e
g
s
g
n
e
s
r
e
k
r
o
w
0
0
6
,
5
0
2
e
r
e
w
e
r
e
h
t
t
a
h
t
d
e
t
a
m
i
t
s
e
is
it
,
0
4
9
1
of
,
1
4
9
1
t
s
u
g
u
A
By
.
s
r
e
l
l
e
p
o
r
p
d
an
,
s
e
n
i
g
n
e
r
ai
,
s
e
m
a
r
f
r
i
a
in making
r
e
h
t
o
In
.
s
r
e
k
r
o
w
0
0
5
,
5
5
4
be
l
l
i
w
r
e
b
m
u
n
e
it is estimated that th
,
e
l
u
d
e
h
c
s
to
g
n
i
d
r
o
c
c
a
r
e
v
i
l
e
d
to
e
l
b
a
be
to
is
y
r
t
s
u
d
n
i
e
th
if
words,
s
r
e
k
r
o
w
w
e
n
n
o
i
l
l
i
m
a
of
r
e
t
r
a
u
q
a
n
i
a
r
t
d
it wisi: heve to hire an
by August of 1941.
e
r
c
n
i
e
h
t
g
n
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
t
y
b
d
e
z
i
l
a
u
s
i
v
This expansion may be
y
l
h
t
n
o
m
l
a
u
q
e
in
e
d
a
m
e
r
e
w
n
o
i
t
i
d
d
a
e
a
t
If
.
s
m
r
e
t
y
l
h
t
n
o
ment into m
d
e
r
i
h
e
b
to
e
v
a
h
d
l
u
o
w
s
r
e
k
r
o
w
0
0
0
,
5
2
t
a
h
t
n
a
e
m
a
d
l
u
o
w
it
,
s
increment
t
x
e
n
of
t
s
l
3
t
s
u
g
u
A
g
n
i
d
u
l
c
n
i
d
n
a
to
t
s
l
3
r
e
b
o
t
c
O
m
o
r
f
h
t
each mon
t
n
a
t
s
n
o
c
a
at
e
d
a
m
e
r
e
w
s
n
o
i
t
i
d
d
a
e
h
t
if
,
d
n
a
h
r
e
h
t
o
e
h
t
n
O
year.
d
e
d
n
u
o
p
m
o
c
t
n
e
c
r
e
p
4
.
8
e
b
to
e
v
e
h
d
l
u
o
w
e
t
a
r
t
a
h
t
,
h
t
w
o
r
g
rate of
from
month
each
The
the
is
bar
number
shown
will
chart
October
of
in
of 455,500
recuired
men
Table
(Chart
mrt
be
anda
6
3).
to
is
be
made
meet
presented
1941,
on
a month
to
for
commitments
graphically
in
basis
month
deliveries.
of
This
accompanying
the
F
Although
probably
may
translation
August
to
1940
it has been
reached
in airframe,
conservative figure.
groups of workers in
total;
It
the
during
engine,
estimated
the
and
month
that
of
propeller
should be pointed
aircraft in dustry
the peak
August
out
are
plants,
of employment
1941
with
this
that certain
not included
is
a total
a very
other
in this
9
INDEX OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY
MONTHS
BY
AND ESTIMATE
JAN.1932-OCT.1940,
1923-25
CHART
|.
FOR AUGI94I
= 100
INDEX
20,000
RATE
OF
INCREASE
oe
oe
z
eee
+
3.8%
100
U.S.
1932
BUREAU
OF
LABOR
1933
STATISTICS
1934
i955
1936
iI9Ss7
1938
I939
2
+ of
w
of
4
1940
onc
some
7,000
6,000
I9 4l
‘Ol
COMPOUND
11
CHART 2.
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT
IN THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY
ANNUAL AVERAGES 1935-1939
OCTOBER 1940 AND ESTIMATE FOR AUGUST
19 41
THOUSANDS OF
EMPLOYEES
ects’
700
700
600
600
ESTIMATED
OTHER
500
500
ACCESSORIES
ENGINES AND
PROPELLERS | ang
400
300
300
200
200
AIRFRAMES
|
loo
100
O
UNITED
1935
STATES
1937
1936
BUREAU
OF
LABOR
STATISTICS
1938
1939
1940
OCTOBER
1941
AUGUST
1942
O
ESTIMATED
TOTAL
sgn
1940
October
airframes
136,499
pe
seems mapas on ame
(Including
:
IN
EMPLOYMEVT
ae
THE
he eS
ATRORAFT
a
scene
INDUSTRY
Sub-contractors)}
ii
pielauaaebnelieanioaiten
ssi
{
otel
* Engines
| Propellers
56,500
10,700
203,600
:
1941
February
May
August
November
205 ¢ 100
299,100
650,690
018,300
64,000
76,000
91,000
66,890
14,700
18,200
16,900
Ego?
284,500
300
O9,S
455,500
[96,690
1942
Pebruary
290,100
Fly
OD
13,500
374,790
i
ee!
Table
N oe
ESTIMATE OF
INDUSTRY
NUMBER
BAC
OF
Nil , WORKERS
MONTH
FROM
TO
OCTOEER
BE
THE ALRCRAFT
BY
HIRED
1941
AUGUST
1940 TO
1941
54, 800
January
February
Mareh
April
May
June
July
Sugust
a4
2
“
December
©
nN
Or “J
November
“Ia
Co ©
1940
2,100
Seg re
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it
44 ’ 100
«.
BI, OO
15 ; 600
16,100
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1940
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50,000
TO
COMMITMENTS
ON
BASED
WORKERS
NEW
FUTURE INCREMENTS
ME
NEW WORKERS
DELIVER
3.
CHART
15
No.
Factory
Aircraft
Naval
August 1941.
at the Philadelphia
will reach 5,000 by
is
it
which,
Employment
estimated,
(2)
such
Total employment in non-military sircraft end engine factories,
rs,
othe
and
rs,
Moto
led
cod
Air
win,
Reer
,
Waco
ft,
cra
as Piper, Taylor
it may be assumed, will employ 5,000 in August 1941.
which,
(3)
While no complete data are
asin a alee:
Employment in accessory
it would appeer reasonable on the basis of the number of
available,
expansion plans to figure on a total
present workers and announced
of 50,000 by August 1941.
(4)
les
edu
sch
ry
ive
del
no
ch
whi
for
ion
uct
str
con
er
und
now
nts
pla
New
These include Wright Aeronautical
are at present available.
Company at Dearborn,
Ohio and Ford epee
Corporation at Lockland,
ted
ima
est
t,
men
loy
emp
k
pea
the
nt,
ple
nd
kla
Loc
nsw
the
At
an.
hig
Mic
a
6
(1)
will
now,
be
Whitney
a
Ford (Pratt
oe
15 000
and
12,000
between
For this purEngine Division) will employ about 10,000 workers.
pose a figure of £5,000 workers in the two plants plus 15,000 others
sub-contracting,
on
gives
This
Potential
|
NS
ONE
to
Additions
CAIN
SNORE 6
NR
a
OREM
Present
RRR
Ve
<TR
The estimates arrived
of indications that the
Because
order 24,000 more
With the existing
bombers,
the
ee
Ml
probably will be
requirement
considered
is
It
of
for
555,500
of
be
will
workers,
40,000
estimate
employment
total
NEE
total
a
or
assumed.
August
1941.
Program
OTIS
ER
ERR S N RUB ONE WT
preesent program only.
at above are based on t
“—
30ointly
United States and Great Brital in
parts
for
which
be
will
as
made
far
|
of the automobile industry, this total
much below the actual empioyment,
probable
that
of
16,000
the
proposed
epee
additional
four
e
larg
be
will
0
8,00
that
and
ers
bomb
e
gin
-en
two
um
medi
be
will
es
plan
ae nenufacture should normally reWhile the standardization
engine bombers.
ram
prog
the
h
whic
with
e
hast
the
,
nded
expe
or
lab
in
ng
savi
al
eri
sult in a met
will
in
no
these
be
put
net
into
saving
bombers,
operation
but
of
labor.
now
and
the
Earlier
this period
pressure
talk
has
for
deliveries
centered
been
on
shortened
a
will
three-year
to
two
probably
years.
program
result
for
Assuming
e
ther
s,
year
two
for
inue
cont
and
mer
sum
mid
by
ted
star
be
d
coul
that oroduction
rame
airf
at
)
week
our
40-h
a
on
ed
(bas
ers
work
000
308,
of
age
aver
an
be
would
the
,
week
per
s
hour
of
er
numb
ter
grea
a
With
ts.
factories or sub-assembly plan
much
ram,
prog
osed
prop
this
r
Unde
ler.
smal
be
d
woul
number of workers required
of the work now done at final assembly plants would be
If the work were accomplished on a 40-hour week over 2
205,000 workers would be needed.
done by sub-contractors.
three-year interval,
(10,520)
No
°
16
of
ion
lat
tal
ins
the
e
uir
req
ld
wou
s
ber
bom
l
one
iti
add
000
24,
The
a tovet of Lic.
in reserve,
64,000 high power engines, with 48,000 engines
th
mon
per
s
ine
eng
00
4,7
ut
abo
of
put
out
an
rs,
yea
two
in
ed
duc
pro
If
s.
ine
eng
would
require
47,000 workers
year period.
To
about
would
equip
70,000
workers
112,000
engines
required
be
if
(based
the
would
accomplished
were
progrem
require
at
propellers, together with a proportionete quantity
(based on present working
heps 50,000 more workers
would be needed in these branches of the industry.
hours).
working
on present
the
least
in
a
Only
three-
of
number
same
of accessories, so that perhours and a two-year program)
er
und
now
are
nts
pla
ly
mb
se
as
new
two
m,
re
og
To further this second pr
the
«end
s
er
rk
wo
000
12,
oy
pl
em
l
wil
h
ic
wh
y
Cit
sas
Kan
et
consideration - one
e
tak
ld
wou
nt
pla
er
rm
fo
The
s.
er
rk
wo
000
17,
et Omaha which will employ
other
the
and
s
er
mb
bo
um
di
me
of
ns
io
ct
se
d
le
mb
se
the sub-&ss6é1 mblies or completely as
ts
plen
ler
simi
r
othe
ral
es
seve
Sit
s.
for
ber
bom
ge
lor
for
ts
per
similer
lptter
gre now in the process of investigation.
will
aore
be
There
enproved
than
is
24,000
next
the
within
with
workers,
plants
These
week.
additional
new
two
that
probability
e« strong
eircraft
would
employ
e
plirnts
total
oF
sub-contracts.
on
thousands
engine
now
s
er
rk
wo
y
man
t
the
h
suc
is
n
ra
og
pr
ed
os
op
The megnitude of the pr
be
y
il
ar
ss
ce
ne
l
wil
use
en
li
vi
ci
for
s
le
bi
mo
to
au
of
e
ur
ct
fa
engaged in the manu
of
els
mod
m,
ra
og
pr
the
of
ds
nee
the
t
mee
To
k.
wor
ft
transferred to sircre
of
s
er
ur
ct
fa
nu
ma
end
t,
oi
tr
De
to
d
re
ve
li
de
n
bee
e
hev
ts
par
ir
bombers end the
g
in
dd
bi
ere
ps,
sho
st
le
al
sm
the
to
ts
uni
t
es
gg
bi
the
automotive material, from
upon the pieces that they cre best equipped to make.
LOCATION
ar
Ae
|
OF
ANON
NEW
SY ION
CANCE
JOBS
COIN CEN
FLEET
LRT
IN
ERT
THE
YN AO IRNT ORNS NRT
BI
JIRCRAFT
RT AEN
AGEN
AO
INDUSTRY
TN EATERS:
SURI
ERNE AID RR
the
of
t
par
r
te
ea
gr
the
ut
abo
te
ni
fi
de
rly
fai
It is possible to be
ry
st
du
in
the
to
ed
edd
be
to
e
hav
l
wil
who
s
er
rk
wo
new
quarter of a million of
l
wil
s,
er
rk
wo
0
00
0,
15
ut
abo
or
se,
the
of
t
en
rc
pe
ve
fi
ySevent
by August 1941.
the
of
s
te
ma
ti
es
the
ws
sho
7
le
Tab
.
ly
mb
se
as
be required at the site of final
0
194
r
be
to
Oc
m
fro
ly
mb
se
as
el
fin
of
nts
pla
in
ed
ed
total number of workers ne
d
an
rs
le
el
op
pr
d
an
s,
ne
gi
en
to
,
ing
es
ord
en
acc
pl
d
clessifie
to Februa My 1942
me
ti
is
th
at
id
sa
be
n
ea
le
tt
Li
4),
t
ar
ch
ee
(S
arranged by geographical areas
in
ed
ir
qu
re
be
l
wil
who
s
er
rk
wo
000
61,
the
of
r
of the location or the cheracte
ft
ra
rc
si
g
in
ct
ra
nt
co
el
in
ig
or
the
m
fro
en
working on sub-contracts tak
plants
who
e,
dg
le
ow
lm
is
e
er
Th
n.
ow
kn
not
is
Piyms as the identity of these plants
.
rs
he
ot
to
out
s
ct
ra
nt
co
rm
fi
ch
ea
h
ic
wh
rk
wo
e
th
of
t
en
ever, of the perc
om
fr
d
an
s
me
ra
rf
si
in
t
en
rc
pe
to
32
t
en
rc
pe
1
These percentages now range from
ten
rc
pe
g
in
ct
ra
nt
co
bsu
,
re
tu
fu
e
th
In
s.
ne
gi
en
15 percent to 70 percent in
eges are expected
the production of
to range from 4 percent to 40
engines no substantial change
percent in airfranes,
is anticipated.
but
in
(10520)
No
TABLE
TOTAL
EMPLOYEES
LC
AAA
AN EE
S
LO AE RY
AR
IIR
FINAT, ,JSSUMBLY,
8S RREIR FEN
eS
5 captains
AT A
BRINDLE 0 Mah BO:
ATRORAPT
7
INDUSTRY
UB.
Nov.
Feb.
Marty
1941
1941
T1868, C00
17] 800
242,100
284 ,600
264,500
242,800
70, 500
109,000
119,400
124,600
105,300
$1,200
29,400
02.4000
62,400
61.4100
80,700
81,300
15,300
24,700
O1 eae
Sy UO
21,000
15,000
35,690
47 ,800
47 ,500
49,300
39,200
46,700
55,800
41,200
42400
400
300
300
300
29,000
324200
pogoVO
404700
13,200
2,200
5,100
11,900
16,600
18,200
9,000
10,100
10 ,600
10,700
7,00
8,500
7 4900
7 gO
7,100
7,100
8,500
7,900
7,100
7,100
297,300
348,300
312,800
292,300
1940
1941
1941
1942
FRAMES
Total,
Ss
Us
(26
plants)
(19
plants)
Pacific
Coast
Coast
Atlantic
(6 plants)
Border
Canadian
(2
TNL ES
OF
7
Feb.
Ottis
ATR
IN
PLANTS
e
plants)
12,200
6,600
Interior
(8 plants)
ENGINES
Total, Us Ss
(11
plants)
Pacific
Coast
(2 plants)
Coast
Atlantic
(5 plants)
Canadien Border
(3 plants)
33,900
500
Go» GOO
1,300
6,500
Interior
(1 plant)
400
7,600
PROPELLERS
TOOL,
Ue
(2 plants)
Ge
Atlantic Coast
(2 plants)
TOTAL, Us S.
o, 400
5,400
157,800
218,100
(10,520)
CHART
WORKERS
NEEDED
AIRCRAFT
IN THE
INDUSTRY
194
BY AUGUST
TOTAL EMPLOYEES AT SITE OF FINAL FABRICATION
DOES NOT INCLUDE SUBCONTRACTING
@
4)
AIR FRAMES
SLERS)
NE
GI
@xX EN
PROPEL
R CROSS\
EAGH ESDOENT,TSSQUA1,0RE00" ,OWO
RKERS
REPR
wn
ee
°
30
yoo
130
200
290
ee
200 MILES
Jan. 1, 1935
‘eI
NEW
4
19
NG.
LABOR
ANY
TA
RSC
SA
BY
REQUIREMENTS
RR
NE
SR
NEO
NR 9 CNR
Merely to estimate the number
orders for planes is insufficient;
meet
skills
is now
number
OCCUPATION
I
Oe ENN
TERR
5 ALTE EER NOREEN I
of
it
to
be required
exs amine the
employees which will
is necessary siso to
cs
ti
is
at
St
r
bo
La
of
au
re
Bu
e
Th
e.
which are needed in airplane manufactur
e
th
e
in
rm
te
de
to
ts
en
pl
al
du
vi
di
engaged in making studies et the in
t
en
es
pr
e
th
r
de
un
ed
ir
qu
re
be
ll
wi
h
ic
wh
ls
il
sk
f
o
s
pe
ty
d
an
s
ee
oy
pl
of em
y
ar
ss
ce
ne
is
it
d
an
e,
bl
la
ai
av
t
ye
t
no
e
ar
s
re
gu
fi
e
es
th
y
el
at
un
rt
fo
Un
m.
progra
.
de
ma
ly
us
io
ev
pr
s
ey
rv
su
of
gs
in
nd
fi
e
th
on
up
to draw
r
bo
La
of
au
re
Bu
e
th
by
29
19
ne
Ju
in
de
me
y
ud
st
d
el
fi
a
of
s
si
ba
e
th
On
m~
co
s
er
rk
wo
d
le
il
sk
ry
st
du
in
me
ra
rf
ai
e
th
in
at
th
e
e
es
is
it
Statistics,
t
en
rc
pe
7
7.
d
le
il
sk
un
t,
en
rc
pe
.5
46
ed
ll
ki
-s
mi
se
l;
ta
to
e
th
prise 41.3 percent of
t
en
rc
pe
.4
37
ry
st
du
in
ne
gi
en
e
th
In
t.
en
rc
pe
5
4.
,
al
ic
er
cl
g
in
ud
cl
and others, in
d
an
d:
he
td
ep
dn
e
ar
t
en
rc
pe
9
9.
,
ed
ll
ki
-s
mi
se
e
ar
.6
46
d,
of the workers are skille
of
estimate
1941
August
The
other.
and
clerical
6.1 percent
248,300
total employses
in
final
of
plants
nt
me
oy
pl
em
r
be
to
Oc
e
th
er
ov
0
50
0,
19
of
se
ea
cr
in
an
ts
en
es
pr
re
assembly (Table 7)
,
ey
rv
su
cs
ti
is
at
St
r
bo
La
of
au
re
Bu
e
th
of
s
si
ba
e
th
On
in aircraft factoriss.
ed
ed
ne
be
ll
wi
s
er
rk
wo
al
on
ti
di
ad
e
es
th
of
ny
ma
w
ho
te
ne
ti
es
to
le
ib
it is poss
for each
sirfrane
Table 8 presents
the corresponding
and skill.
9 presents
type of occupation
industry and Teble
these estimates for the
es timates for the engine
Tt
not
be
and
directly
assumed,
wing
is
to
answer
for
be
the
example,
semiskilled
of workers
ouestion
will
assemblers
assemblers.
who
have
will
that
noted
that
be
If
the
these
as
to
to be
workers
how
of
majority
recruited
this
figures
method
hired
cover
from
the
are
11,300
to
among
persons
as
skilled
upgrading
of
lebor
directly
is
requi irements
be
secured.
skilled
who
ere
resorted
5
Chart
s.
on
gi
re
by
d
an
es
at
St
ed
it
Un
e
th
r
fo
th
bo
,
ry
st
du
in
r
le
and propel
.
ce
an
rv
po
im
r
ei
th
of
r
de
or
e
th
in
s
on
ti
pa
cu
oc
l
pa
ci
in
pr
e
th
s
ow
sh
and do
is
It
tank
fuselage,
at
to,
to
present
the
number
essemblers will be
er
mb
nu
e
Th
.
s
r
e
l
b
m
e
s
s
a
d
e
l
l
i
k
s
i
m
e
s
e
th
g
on
am
om
fr
ed
ad
gr
up
er
mb
nu
e
th
by
d
ce
du
re
y
l
g
n
i
d
n
o
p
s
e
r
r
o
c
be
to
ve
ha
e,
or
ef
er
th
d,
ul
wo
s
r
e
l
b
m
e
s
s
a
d
e
l
l
i
k
s
i
m
e
s
as
to be hired
8.
e
l
b
a
T
in
d
e
t
a
c
i
d
n
i
larger than the 33,700
s
d
o
h
t
e
m
e
th
e
s
i
a
r
p
p
a
to
m
u
d
n
a
r
o
m
e
m
s
i
h
t
in
e
d
a
m
n
e
e
b
s
ha
t
p
m
e
t
t
a
No
g
n
i
d
n
a
t
s
r
e
d
n
u
in
t
n
a
t
r
o
p
m
i
y
l
r
a
l
u
c
i
t
r
e
p
is
s
i
h
T
.
d
e
s
u
be
l
l
i
w
h
of training whic
of
t
n
e
m
p
o
l
e
v
e
d
e
Th
.
s
e
c
i
t
n
e
r
p
p
a
to
e
c
n
e
r
e
f
e
r
h
t
i
w
n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
i
of
e
the absenc
nticeship as
the
skills
indicated
well as an active
from
Furthermore,
the existing
force.
labor
will
program
time to
supply
undoubtedly
of upgrading
time methods
and
may lead
require
an
increase
and of adaptation
of production are
to
a
substantial.
in
appre
of existing skills.
d
e
t
p
a
d
a
e
b
to
y
l
e
lix
dilution
of
the
labor
3
|
to
AIRFRAME
Table
No.
INDUSTRY
ADDITIONAL° WORKLRS NEEDED AT THE SITE
BY AUGUST 1941, BY OCCUFATION
LE RA
NTRS
ETE ST
TR
Occupation
Total
Skilled
A
Employees
Employees
Finishers
Drop Hammer
Electricians,
Foremen
Leadmen
Machinists
Metal Bench
TREE
TRI
Bench Mechanics
Model Builders
and
Semi
Skilled
Assemblers,
ssemblers,
Employees
Final
Final,
In-
strument Mechanics
Assemblers, Final Motor
Mechanics
; Pacific
, Coast
eat tecmutraetn
YR
ERR
Atlantic,
Coast
Canadian,
Border
,
Interior
41.3
68 599
22,426
SL, Oe
7 O06
LV, 040
pa
166
Ot
OL
l9
41
499
163
155
oF
124
c
:o
.2
i;
807
499
3, 984
DOL
eyReo
163
1,393
LO9
eg hee
Loo
1,240
403
774
57
4.5%
58
1,688
124
988
82
995
B25
Z10
113
247
Lis
OF
76
3
509
247
124
165
82
Lc
se
1,494
995
il
488
ga0
10
8
4,
465
oLO
170
Lio
|
132
Ora
247
6
ex
04
em
one
995
499
664
Oe
4,481
O20
L6o
£7
109
1,466
SLO
Lo
206
103
Lo8o
a
1,162
332]
7,473
380
1,085
2,443
361
1,034
2,020
578
851
824
‘Lae
eit
ok
Le, 78S
166
4,178
54
O97
162
O4
O44
4,289
54
Ae
3,980
De
568
ae
Oe
Of
4,082
D2
208
15454
19
208
o7
i9
13
1,492
LY
96
Sp is
41
453
124
41
4)
3,204
Al
206
ae
,601
"499
1,194
163
Li kor
155
415
7
905
124
46.95
77,206
20,200
£4,040
8,782
19 107
See
Coy Tae
41,022
10,495
5,807
8,364
+a
166
O4
OL
19
41
.4
664
aie
207
7S
165
rad
4.05
rele
and
EN
41,200
Fixture Builders)
Tube Benders
(Jig
Total
RS,
18,900
kod
Vo
os
me
ae
me
ao
Makers
%:
OE
Foe
Patternmakers
Platers
Power Hammer Operators
Router Operetors
Sheet Metel Bench Hands
Spar Builders
Tool Designers
Tool
A
DL
Aircraft
Hend
U:
~
54, 200
4.1.
oo
Oot
ae
(Template
;
+ URN
OF FINAL ASSEMBLY
AND SKILL
166,100
ao
or Sub
Molders
ke ey)
20
100.0
Operetors
Foremen, Ass't
Foundrymen and
Hand Bumpers
Heat Treaters
Inspectors
Layout Men
Makers)
OR
: Percent
Angle Benders
Anodic Loaders and
Operetors
Assemblers, Fuselage
Tank
Assemblers,
Assemblers, Wing
Coverers
Die
EE
8
1,826
499
166
166
Co ke
166
30
288
(10,520)
Table
NOw
;
ADDITIONS L
,
BY
cision
Sub
(Pre-
4.5
Assembler)
Brake Operators
Cable Splicers
d
o
o
W
d
an
s
r
e
t
n
e
p
r
Ca
workers
Drill Press Operators
d
an
s
r
o
t
a
r
e
p
O
r
Grinde
Polishers
Hydraulic
Press
aL
eo
ce
oo
7
Operators
Punch Press Uperetors
Riveters
Holler Operators
Shear Operators
Sheet
ae
Machine
Metal
Operators
Skin Fitters
Sprayers,
(Coverers)
Painters
and
Dopers
Upholsterers (Sewing
Machine Operators}
|
Welders
Unskilled
Employees
Laborers
d
e
l
i
i
k
s
n
U
,
s
c
i
n
a
Mech
(Helpers)
Clerical
tmployees
Maintenance
if
t
0.08
AUGUST
- Percent
;
Occupation
Assemblers,
i.ORKERS
Riployees
percent.
Pe
ae
as
teed
ie
eee
1.3
3
Sal
co
LZ6
Yet
Dee
crest
ee
Le
AIKER Avo,
It DUST RE
AT
STTE
MERDED
1941,
;
BY
THE
OCCUPATION
U- STObeL
ig Ves
166
498
1,495
B31
Uoe
Doe
Bah
18,4067
ie
DOr
2,990
498
0,149
Boe
£760
sey tae
8,607
4,153
5,814
Le 6G.
«,
Pacific
Coast
.
OF
(Cont'd)
24
ASSEMBLY
FINAL
AND
8
SKILL
, Atlantic,
00as
;
Canedian,
Border
.
Jnterior
2 One
850
1,854
Oe
L5o
LY
oo
Al
124
465
2083
L70
3S
S71
205
109
LOS
oe
82
109
Rie
6,027
LO9
LOY
LOS
208
Oo oe
103
LOS
wo
95
2,098
38
oo
82
206
4,573
82
ae
931
iD
240
56
742
124
1,602
586
Lever
TOs
28
82
2 aaS
Or
163
4.89
are
977
163
1,683
109
869
4,181
2,824
Loco?
1,900
54.3
:
3038
659
1,456
igh Ce
2,033
983
2,142
tees
473
1.06
1,820
661
1,443
Ory
188
41zZ
82.7
oe
No.
TABLE
E
Suv
AND
RO"
ee
A
PROPELLER INDUSTRY
2 oe
ARR aOH
E
TH
AT
.
ED
ED
NH
#2
3
K
R
O
W
L
A
N
O
I
ADDIT
A
P
U
C
C
O
Y
B
,
1
4
9
1
T
BY AUGUS
' Percent
Occupation
Total
Boring Mill Operators
Bullard Multimatic
Operators
Coppersmiths
Coremakers
Electricians
Ge
i
(Hngine)
(Turret)
Operators
Operators
Metal Melters
Milling Machine
Molders
Pattern Makers
Pipe
Overators
Platers
(Foremen,
Supervisors
and
Sub-Foremen
Assistants)
|
Tinsmiths
Tool Designers
Tool Makers
Welders
Semiskilled
Employees
4
os
Cee
Jat
eo
ew
Sha?
%.é
6.1
oe
£.8
gS
Lee
644
me
la?
set
oe
46.6
Assemblers
Baffle Makers
Bench Burrers
Grinders
Painters
Polishers
Serew Cutting
Threading
Spot Facers
Straighteners
Gy
Ler
me
d
an
rs
ke
Ma
x
Bo
d
an
Carpenters
4
7.
s
or
at
er
Op
e
in
ch
Ma
Drilling
Testers,
Engine
Coast
Cet
oe
ee
Soi
4
465
4.14
11,370
2 o94
OL
1,804
268
1,806
2.318
268
S61
49
Lg 900
3,964
1,346
666
LO
LO?
176
el
678
A
201
189
Sd
pow
4
68
61
?
4,846
4,940
1,678
RRR
634
1561
3,600
291
83
125
62
Of
LES0
761
1468
af &
10,600
14
4
79
40
29
18
205
LLO
ma
18
100
29
43
ee
18
195
nd
°
42.
bm |
on
116
85
53
604
ooo
647
53
296
85
ie?
64
wo
628
114
BH
ee
Border
interior
14
1
7
pest
00
258
Canadian’ .
=
42
o
o1
97
“0
9.4
1.3
746
and
Atlantic:>
2/
06
Fitters
e
¢
10,400
3,890
04
Lathe
Lathe
+*
VAtAl.
Apprentices
Gear Cutters
Heat Treaters
Inspectors
Se
37 4
Blacksmiths
SI
> Pacific
100.0
Employees
Employees
Skilled
Ue.
9
©)
ENG INS
24
DE
59%
«3
996
Loe
806
117
7 84
4e0G7
117
244
Ke He
4”
o74
40
266
348
40
83
not
oo.
i
450
86
7
7
148
(16,520)
a
|
|
SNGINE
EE
ET
os. 2,
ERS. RRR ER eR
AND
I
TABLE
°
No.
28
(continued)
PRO2R
PED
INDUSTR
]Y
EE
NR OR
UO
EE
SONNE
AER
I
CEE
NR
*
ADDITIONAL
BY
Dinu ies
P
AJGUST
Somaen:
|
:
:
e
NEEDED
2941,
>
;
Cece
-Fotel
AT
BY
THE
SITE
OF
OCCUPATION.
<=:
.:
Peeific
Coeaat
AND
FINAL
ASSEMBLY
SEIT
4 Ablentio® Canadien:
1);
©
Coast
+
Border
:
:
:
.
ee
Unskilled Employees
9.9
2,416
1,029
1,050
BH?
Casting
Laborers (Maintenance
and Direct)
200
488
208
nie
Ve
Ted
he foo
760
TOS
256
Clerical
4.4
1,075
458
466
158
Maintenance
ly?
Ae
179
180
61
Cleaners
Truckers
bs
WOREERS
08
Lyo
1/
According to present scheduled
employment in this region.
2/
0.03
percent.
83
production
there
will
Bo.
be
a
slight
a9
drop
in
CHART
AIRCRAFT
5.
INDUSTRY
ADDITIONAL WORKERS NEEDED AT SITE OF FINAL ASSEMBLY
BY AUGUST 1941, BY PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS*
5
0
OCCUPATION
GRINDERS
ASSEMBLERS
BENCH BURRERS
DRILLING MACHINE OPERATORS
LABORERS (Maintenance & Direct)
25
FR A M ES
Al R
SUPERVISOR (foremen, Sub Foremen & Asst)
20
,
Co
LATHE, TURRET, OPERATORS
INSPECTORS
CLERICAL
TESTERS, ENGINE
LATHE,ENGINE, OPERATORS
MILLING MACHINE OPERATORS
SCREW CUTTING & THREADING
POLISHERS
COREMAKERS
CASTING CLEANERS
~
TOOL DESIGNERS
TOOL MAKERS
MAINTENANCE
BAFFLE MAKERS
PATTERN MAKERS
ELECTRICIANS
CARPENTERS & BOX
MAKERS
433
PAINTERS
ASSEMBLERS,
RIVETERS
SHEET METAL
METAL BENCH
LABORERS
ASSEMBLERS,
CLERICAL
HANDS
BENCH
HANDS 4 Bench Mechanics
AND
PROPELLERS
(Helpers)
ASSEMBLERS, WING
TOOL MAKERS (Wig & Fixture Builder)
LEAD MEN
S
R
O
T
A
R
E
P
O
E
N
I
H
C
A
M
SHEET METAL
WELDERS
UNITED
ES
& DOPERS
INSPECTORS
D
E
L
L
I
K
S
N
U
,
S
C
I
N
A
H
C
E
M
STATES
ENGIN
FUSELAGE
SPRAYERS, PAINTERS
PATTERN
OCCUPATIONS
11.8 %
FINAL
r)
le
mb
se
As
on
si
ci
re
(P
B
U
S
,
ASSEMBLERS
MACHINISTS
TOTALING
UNDISTRIBUTED
+15 OCCUPATIONS
MAKERS
BUREAU
OF
LABOR
STATISTICS
0
5
10
UNDISTRIBUTED
PERCENT
15
TOTALING
6.3%
20
25
=
;
:
JULIUS
‘
a
on
ae
é
HOCHMAN
GENERAL
BEN
PHILLIP
MANAGER
®
EVRY
PRESIDENT
°
"
LO
CAL
8:
10.22 .
60
69.
£t....8. W.
W.
KAPP
SECY
TREASURER
December
19,
1940
Nir. Edward Levinson
United Auto Workers
West Grand Blwd,.
Detroit,
Dear
,
Michigan
Eddie:
Youtve probably been reading of the Dress Joint Board's
new proposals to the employers along lines of scientific management and promotion, and the enthusiastic press reception they
were accorded.
All of Hochman's report on the industrial phase
of this study was prepared by a technical staff under my direction, although all phases of the study were under Dr. Stone's supervision.
rt
You'll recall that about a year ago you wrote me
Reuther would contact me in Re establishing a similar
department
glad
to
see
for the U.A.W.
in
I never
this
week's
Post
I am enclosing
a memo
in which
lines.
heard
that
he's
from Reuther,
thinking
I think
your
that Walt
technical
along
but was
these
union may
have
s major interest.
I transmitted it to Umhey for general distribution to those unions who are directly involved in national
defense.
let me know if you find it at all useful.
Fraternally,
William Gomberg ©
industrial Engineer
afoe
20940
Main
rerey tes
Pn NE wy oR
news"
ee
OFFICE
2.7 18>
232
WES)
BREW
St
€@0re
BRANCH
OFFICES:
YURK
TEL
~ LONGACRE
815 BRoAbway - EAST NEW YORK: 219 SACKMAN STREET - BORO PARK: 3810
HARLEM: 1914 THIRD AVENUE - BRONX: 505 East TREMONT Avenue - WILLIAMSBURG:
&- 8160
[41H AVENUE
Aceusation
present time the National
At the
sdedule.
behind
Defense
program is
lagging far behind
g
la
%
50
a
as
gh
hi
as
n
ru
es
ri
st
du
in
Estimates for indfvidual
original
estimates.
ss
se
as
to
s
st
re
te
in
ul
rf
we
po
by
de
ma
g
in
be
e
Attempts ar
share of the blame.
by reactionary orgm izations
first udertaken
The drive,
labor for a major
ce
er
mm
Co
of
r
be
am
Ch
S.
U.
the
d
an
s
er
ur
ct
fa
nu
Ma
of
like the National Association
of the War and Navy departments.
is now begiming to be reechoed in high councils
Officials
The N.AsM.
have begun to talk of the necessity
has demanded
of the national crisis.
organization activities
for the
circulated with
is rapidly becoming a patriotic
systematic
airplanes cost them just twice what
precision
trat
Eng
this sort of talk was confinec
the equivalent product would
to the bleating
there was not meh
of the
duty.
Rumors
lish complaints that our
made in the home country are traceable to the high cost of labor.
Mamfacturers
duration
‘The acceptance of sub-standard wages in factories op-
erating under cost plus contracts
are being
of organization with a
of the present field
a freesing
labor to cease
pledge from organized
for modifying wage and hour laws,
Hational
cost them if
As long as
Association
of
danger of it receiving widespread public
rt
pa
de
r
Wa
d
an
vy
Na
e
th
s
of
al
ci
fi
of
gh
hi
at
th
ct
fa
ry
ve
e
th
credence, butl
ments no longer feel obliged
dication
of how widespread
What answer the
ive negative
variety:
to eaceal
public
their anti-laber
bas
is a good in-
reaction has become.
labor movement has given has
largely been of the defens-
3)
The right to strike is sacred.
4)
A strong satisfied nation of tollers with @ steke to hold is the country's
best defense.
While this type of answer is important and serves some purpose,
it leaves
our movement on the defensive. We are answering charges. We muat carry
the
fight into the enemy's camp by assuming a strong offensive.
The Actual Situstic
The truth
schedule,
of the matter is that a major portion
of the lag in the productive
particularly in airplanes and ships is traceable
a)
Mismanagement
b)
Mismanagement of Plents, Machines and Equipment.
Defining
a)
to mismanagement.
of Materials
end examining each
category
of waste
discloses the following:
Faulty Management of Materials.
By faulty mmagement
of materials we mean the failure of the proper goods
to be at the proper place at the proper time.
present operating wider a presidential
Therefore our economic
According
authority on industrial mobi ligation,
operation of priorities.
portion
taking advantage
of a limited emergency .
importance
to Leo Cherne,
the very keystone
the foremost civilian
of the
plan
is
‘the Priorities system in essence is a mthod of
these goods and services
to their
declaration
the country is at
set-up is presumably partially under the War dept's
dustrial mobilisation plan.
rationing
Specifically,
of which there may be a short
in the defense effort.
of their priority
rating
on U.S.
government
orders to fill
in-
private orders.
Consequently,
shortages
of some of these
s.
it
un
g
in
uc
od
pr
l
ia
nt
se
es
y
mm
of
t
en
lm
ai
rt
cu
ed
us
ca
has
industrial patriots
provision
to cope with
is powerless
The government
good will
maintain profits, business
for policing
the
situation
use and requiresent
priorities
Cireular mmber
this
mterials
critical
In this way these
labor.
and then attaek
since
by
one of the Priorities Camittee,
is no
there
individual
concerns.
Army and Navy
\
Munitions Board issued December 9, 1940 states:
"De not abuse the privilege of extending
ratingse Materials not needed for defense
under a ratinge
orders may not be ordered
Do not deley ordering your materials for.a more fav~
s
fer
pre
d
nde
xte
an
ng
usi
of
a
ide
the
h
wit
ce
pri
ket
mar
ble
ora
ing to
make up the time lost."
nce rat~
(italies those of the eamittee)
It is fair to assume that warnings aginst these very
practices
and abuses vouch safe thei:
- existence.
The labor unions in
e
at
in
im
el
and
es
us
ab
e
es
th
ce
li
po
to
r
fe
of
ly
si
ea
the plant can very
ng
hi
yt
an
on
y
rel
to
ed
pp
ui
eq
not
is
t
ne
rm
ve
go
l
ra
de
fe
the
as
then inagmuch
but cooperation in this voluntary
syst
Recurring rumors that the railroads are taking advantage
gmey to milct their
investigation.
of the present emer-
long sought for subsidies out of the government deserves
There is common talk thet bitw inous coal mining is being
held up by the failure of railroadse to make cars that are in existence available for transporting
the coal on the
plea that
they are
suffering a ear short~
AZO.
b)
Faulty Management of Plants, Machines and Equipment
By faulty management of plants and equipment we mean 1) failure to
utilize the nation's full plant capacity and 2) failure to make best use of
equipment
in operation,
There is good reason to believe as Philip murray pointed out, (reporte:
by Louis Stark, N.Y Times,
December 8, Page 1) the full utilizable
plant capa-
city of the nation is not being put to use as orders are confined to the
favored
factories
plants.
Unfortunately,
Then,
present
have
to make use
of the nation's
the release was not documented,
according to a nationally prominent consulting
time is attempting to speed up oor
shown a complete
ignorance
left
and no attempt is made
inability
of the elementary axioms
to low paid
clerical
workers.
of good management.
fForemen are
assigned
smaller
|
engineer who at the
eraft production,
to build up a production
larger
top executives
staff and a coup lete
Production
routing
;
as many as 150 men,
which merely means that the foremen are unable to perform their functions.
The
result
is
that
stendard
is completely lacking.
practice
as to what a machine
should
turn out
‘Investigation would probably indicate a variety of
methods in performing a single task where
there is one best method that would
yield waximgm results.
Formalation of the Problem
If the
labor
movement
could
indicate
that
the
costs
of these wastes
con~-
stitute a far more
centage
of the
substantial percentage
selling price as does the
or even approximte
entire
cost
the
same per-
of direct labor, our
labor movement defense could pass from a purely defensive position to that
of an offensive accusation.
Then if we were to go still further and offer
some specific positive cooperative measure in aiding the successful prosecution of the defense program,
route.
cause
the reactionarges would
be completely put to
Sinmiltaneously we would be protecting our savenent
of National
and serving the
defense by focusing attention upon the real bottlenecks
the National Defense program.
of
The problem therefore my be divided into
4 parts:
1)
To document
the sources
of these two categories
of wastes
@)
Mismmagement
of Materials
b)
Wismanag ment of Plants, Maghines and Equipment
2)
To estimate the costs of these wastes in terms of percentage of sales,
S)
To investigate the cost of direct lebor in these
of percentage
4)
industries in terms
of sales.
To devise a plan whereby the leber movement through its workers in the
factories would
The
Rather
police against abuse
lack of time of pereentay
than a comprehensive
after the crisis has passed
study should be undertaken.
be mde
field.
would
study which
of the priorities system.
limit the
probably
for better or worse,
This sgmpling
up after consultation with various
seope
of the invertigation.
could not be completed until
a cross-section sampling
from the various
umion officials
industries
could
in the immediate
nase of national defense,
the task would be simplified.
would permit a first hend survey of plant practices.
However in the event
boning as is reasonable
to assum, then
a
1
h
wit
s
iew
erv
int
m
fro
d
ure
sec
be
ean
on
ati
orm
inf
of
l
dea
great
groups of workers.
n
tio
duc
pro
of
are
job
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mon
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use
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t
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age
man
end
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method
sense let alone scientific practice.
the more intelligent
a mine of information under intelligent questioning.
will talk if properly approached.
The eost
of direct
labor,
other operating statement figures,
and balance
s
tie
uri
Sec
the
of
s
ort
rep
lie
pub
m
fo
e
abl
ain
sheet ratios are easily obt
Exchange Comission.
This mthod of study sould be completed in a period of 3 to 4 months and
yield wmtold benefits for the labor
move
it as well as for national defense.
DESIRED
CLASS OF SERVICE
elm
| }CAete
DAYLETTER
RRED
DEFE
|
—
t
NIGHT MESSAGE |_|
_|,/| NIGHT CABLE
NIGHT LETTER
RADIOGRAM
(aC acters,
Commercial
aN
SHOULD CHECK CLASS OF SERVICE
OTHERWISE MESSAGE WILL BE TRANS-
PATRONS
DESIRED,
MITTED AS A FULL-RATE COMMUNICATION
)
THIS
To
IS COPY
employees
We.
to
_per-hour which
laid
idle
carry
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machinery
out
OCLC
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the
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accomplished.
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machinery
will
put
to
CIO
plan.
LT
A.
Hudson
AT
Pres.
Roosevelt,
a
ama
TIME
Form 1
eat
that
the
.
CIO
plan
.
a
motors
32
manufacturing
are
regard
work is
in which we
plant
in
ne
Hudson
(nee
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penn
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and
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use
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maintain
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help
TELL
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President
Bland,
Vice-Pres.
Germain,
Local
8
We
idle.
work-idle
UAW-CIO
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To:
believe
the
our
W.
nee
nee
that
of
Claude
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be
Co.
and
STANDARD
is 40% of our highest productio
60%
and
off
Car
practical
what can
_good example of
|
)
of Hudson Motor
is
:
|
which are hereby agreed to ©
|
production
plane
tlm etitiatss
ty
7,
AS:
_ Send the following message, subject to the terms on back hereof, QP
CHECK
SYSTEM
THE INTERNATIONAL
JRADIOGRAM |_|
RECEIVER'S NUMBER
mee nce mene
Washington
cnt a nn
NR
A
A
Phillip
nn
Murray,
A
Wash.
A
RENEE
LE
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memeneemennenmmenmenementnmanenananiel
ee
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—_—
aeneienhanneem
National
Comm.
Defense
Wash.
;
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for this special
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im
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se
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on the day of its date absolutely-and at all events; but that the Company’s obligation
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and the transmission and delivery of such Day Letter is, in all respects, su»ordinate
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of communication
TO
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r of
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¢
aoe Postal Telegraph office.
mia
ARatiC
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reduced rates,
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; one york
.
2 of full and deferred rate messages. May
y of transm
.
te eountries where this service is not available, at
eets,
uch
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dress including chargeable posting instruc-
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cept for messages delivered by post. Figures
ui”? required and charged for as One word,
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Now at last
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Walter. “Reuther, of the|”
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rk
wo
to
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do
sit
ll
wi
,”
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pl
“Reuther
|to
rt
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r
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to
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e
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e
turn peac
| of what thé knowledge means.
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nt
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l
al
we
g
in
th
e
on
ly
on
is
re
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‘T
e
in
ch
ma
n,
ma
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ab
us
y
er
ev
t
pu
to
is
at
th
|
| square
foot
of
| winning the war,
floor space into
the job
.
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TIME
& LIFE
ON
t
ROCKEFELLER
NEW
EDITORIAL
BUILDING
CENTER
YORK
OFFICES
January
Mr. Walter
P.
1941
Reuther
281 West
Detroit,
Grand Blvd.
Michigan
Dear
Reuther,
Mr.
22,
I am enclosing the story on aircraft
production concerning which I spoke to you in
It is an attempt to set down the
Washington.
program as it is shaping up frankly, and I
would greatly appreciate any corrections of
fact or suggestions from you.
/
Very
sincerely
yours,
free SY
John
il
Davenport
HOW MANY PLANES WHEN
.
The
correction
or
eccompanying
and
incorrect
comments
and
editorial
manuscript
revision.
interpretations,
send
Rockefeller Center,
them with
If
please
this
New York City.
is a working
you
note
manuscript
draft, subject
to
discover inaccuracies
your
correction
to FORTUNE
or
other
Magazine,
where
the
little
towards
the
Pratt
--
the
French,
Valley
flow
buildings
wing;
neers
Whitney
and
the
engine
come
spread
lie
to
sunlight
North American,
and
pails come
in to take
machines,
of
that
go
down
democracy
for
over
of
1/10, 000
the
the
the four
men,
the
to
when
next
men
of
from
pour
o'clock
shift
managers:
an
thousand
American
automobile
heads,
of
to admit
engi-
"These
or in the splendor of the late
the machines.
the
the
symbolic
the parts
room
the
and
their
shake
are different but we'll make them";
California
small
floor
curiously
finally
now
and
that
parts
the
the
of
in one
the
upon
a look,
in to have
factory
British,
where
or at the River Rouge,
& radial
subcontracting
are
shops
dd
1/20/41
Production
- 2+
inch;
years.
may
plants
carrying
This
it
it
the
is
their
is the war
fought
decide
Douglas
of
in
the
supper
of the
tolerances
course
of
and
HOW
ecoamenoerttteareeteratt
tt seutea tna
AANA
Wot
next.
between
severest
They
per
are
certainly
a tase
LA
defeat
NEOTEL
NOT
TELIOLE
but
day,
500
British
taaetgtneaeniasateadeeeta
LL
and
OD
LLICLIE
ELLE
LOE LLANE LEAL
perhaps
too few,
a
WHEN?
PLANES
MANY
SELLE
OLDE
LID
15,000
but
stalemate
LMS
dad
1/20/41
- J. Davenport
HEAD & BANK - PRODUCTION
LOI
ALLELE
this
LOL
ADELA
the
TLD
ILL
and
year
they may make
in
IODIDE
the
EL
30,000
difference
air.
LIED LLL LES EAL LLL
LOADED
LE LOL
ALLL
SL
A
- 2 2,500
rate
of
over
20,000
fleet
of
tactical
ships
per
1/20/41dda
not
of
a fleet
has
planes.
1,500
over
not
of
rate
production
planes, a
England
month.
a production
and
ships
Lead
40,000
about
air
an
has
preparation
Production
fhe United States, which in 1940 turned out a total 6,000 military
50
per
cent
will
than
500
will
output
goes
export
of
lish
man
no
hold,
planes
per
month,
and
across
this
will
they
play
next
spring
of
floor
a decisive
will
management
will
$2
backlog
eroduction
of
Even
The
public
The
first
today
to
has
allow
to
of
40,000,000
into
was
to
fighting
30,000
its far
been
chance
promulgated
1
«
4
&
\
“
5
ships.
planes
below
beguiled
translate
air
square
by
what
for
the
three
by
the
some
The
net
the
year.
public
great
myths
President
the
Engis
in 1942
By
square
feet.
feet
Ewploy-
Labor and
of
been
about
when
by
of
power.
result
has
side.
fate
fact
sure
25,000,000
some
an
other
the
production
redistribution
expanded
had a
least
this
myth
have
have
at
has
the
of our
transported
one
The
more
not
mean
the
them
enough
March
cent
will
jumped from 180,000 men to 325,000 men.
ment will have
billion
in
which
industry
an
area
role
per
to
in
which
Atlantic,
that if the British do hold through 1941 U.S.
will
90
of
tho
be
press
of
pursuits
knows.
writing
to
this
unlikely,
not
directly
at
that
planes, some
of
Whether
turn.
may
goes
Assuming
is
trtokie
flown
them
issue
400 bombers
over
thin
this
planes.
which
Britain,
to
of
some
to
tactival
this
Empire
the
be
As
1,000
be
may
something
On
ship,
trainers.
rate
production
our
be
easily
of which
ships,
15,000
roughly
out
turn
in 1941
will
planes,
he
the
industry's
should
led
U.S.
to
be
a
expect.
aviation.
called
for
~ 4 - Production
tactics
change.
on
a whole
complex
industrial
from
bounce
so
and
Co.,
War
to
some
of
a question
for
tools
the
the
It
industry
that
maker
planes
and
engines;
making
planes
and
Slates
dae
engines
by
in
months
orders
Yet
it
is
to
advance
of
our
of
the
what
great
happens
Mr.
desperately
to
Knudsen
have
The
given.
a look
U.S.
low
the
truth.
and
the
plane
at
what
entire
industrial
be
never
realized
makers
others
must
product.
the
of
left
are
get
decisions
the
And
only
year.
the
a
can
you
last
But
is
process,
them
ordered
too
because the taking
You
today.
production
Thet
be
Precisely
having
of
output
the
time.
them
decisions.
this.
were not
an
through
today
a few
realized
Goering
back
ordering
by
teday
them
buy
involves
engines
get
won
can
genius
no
cannot
nation
of
|
But
are
U.S.
of
genius
the
Knudsen.
of
different
roots
the
in
leadership
logical
its
found
has
it
making
of
entirely
to
just
not
is
It
an
is
goes
program
aircraft
the
because
Aluminum
the
a question
is
it
which
engines
and
planes
those
is
matter.
die
may
design
in
to
Cleveland.
in
obscure
back
react
shift
a
maker,
plane
the
to
dd
in turn
that
so
set-up,
Department
1/20/42
changes
these
And
as
changed
Lead
The
is
planes
shocking
made
realized
Hitler
it.
War
expia-
true
simply
that
realization.
prelude
to
understanding
trying
to
accomplish
undone.
this.
now
7
PROD
1/20/41
IOCTION (Section B) - J. Davenport
falls
den
of
fall
the
In
and Mr. Will4am Christian
of Monet,
sat
ambassador,
then
our
For
2 years.
|
for
|
planes,
Air
de
dustry
it was
Daladier's
desperate
Bullitt's
:
and
to
output
all
from
was
$42,000,000
the
which
by
any
accepted
its most
still
French
tiny.
In
the
of military business,
an
air
the
mission
of
found
that
year since
entire
year
and produced
past
the
first
of
expansion
ever
in progress
meaning
successful
off
off
of France's
realization
touching
been
that has
of great
over
that sent
cooperation,
country,
this
here
I had
a jumping
aviation
U.S.
of
industry
at
it is also
background
Mission
emerging
[|
3
But
the
facilities
The
ts
to buy yesterday.
untangling
for
"If
Paris.
of how the heads
{he remark is one more example
tried
in
together
there would have been no Munich," Daladicr
‘our thousand planes,
is have
a
France,
of
Daladier
Edward
Premier
1938
banker by the name
itt,
gl
since.
word.
the
of
scarcely
was
It
was
depression
1958
it aid
only 1,800
- 59
tried
to break
Henry
Morgenthau,
referred
by
early
the
in 1959.
division
turn
in
aircraft
industry.
then
army
and
our
older types
not
have
To
the
the
of
been
and
an
tigation
with
military
secrets.
a book
what
from
they
which
French
scale
down
from
Martin,
and
Nye
Reading
But
Paul
In
and
of
the
that
Chemedlin,
against
had
had
brought
the
end
Curtiss
with
is
French
wasted,
pressure
500
giving
today
the
nothing.
the
types
in
Douglae
had
inves-
away
like
of
reading
got about
-=- time
on Daladier
ships
engines
could
Congressional
the
been
about
or
the
of
to
they
backed
latest
a
investigation
time
he
best
the
bought
a Frenchman,
followed
Eventually
Up
that
crash
the
end
types.
adamant
see the
came
French
foreigners
wanted
to
There
that
world.
was
said
them
precious
orders.
Douglas,
be
thundering
manufacturers
the
for
that
when
French
can
the
matter
rule
In February
a forgotten
between
the
the
observer.
Senator
wanted.
and
enough
discovery
as
(check)
Admiral
glad
factories.
up
Seoniee
by
were
it
been
had
a
on
The
—
running
came
designs.
than
already
liaison
but
other
Treasury was
rub
and arrangad
the
taken
as
Morgenthau
demands,
bomber
navy
newer
American
the
‘The
of plenes,
credit
French
acted
none
they
headed
this
was
1/20/41
to whom
The
division,
(Sec.B)
Treasury,
the
of
President.
procurement
the
Their guide
Secretary
huge
Production
were
in
to
ordered
coming
from
by the
British
Pratt
Whitney.
These
Lockheed
for
constituted
orders,
plus
observation
the
first
previous
planes
wave
and
ones
given
North
of Anglo-French
American
buying.
for
The
to
trainers,
second
wave
gl
- 4 =
came
of
almost
1959.
the
inmediately
In
French
orders
the
might
wing
for
war
October
an
of
heve
outbreak
Prench
contracted
Pratt
expansion
broke,
afterthe
the
the
af
however,
supposed.
and
at
planes
There
could
what
were
were
believed
reserves,
In the
third
of
wave
of 1940,
however,
the
total
however,
was
eclipsed
May
of
middle
figure
this
Where
relation
that
whatever
the
U.S.
must
came
from
has
to
Manufacturers
plan.
by
no
by
elaborate publicity
cal
of
these
President
Johnson,
Coast)
His
meetings
fell
snores
asleep
became
of
scurried
that
of Boeing
just
as
gi.
fall
of
came
after
scale
one
who
the
inextricably
held
the
(having flow
news
reel
intwined
cameras
with
British
and
planes
it
only
this,
All
in the
President
year.
per
it
was
to
no
bore
backed
be
greeted
Typi-
commitments.
Treasury
all
a
invaded,
a mystery;
firm
but no
of the
12,000.
to Washington
in
chiefly
aspect
country;
this
gold
their
French
50,000
|
The
pilots."
of the
been
always
preparations
was
the
France
to about
up
produce
capacity
the
later
experts
the
then
announcement
by the
on
French
in from the
required
planes
bringing
the
Even
the whole
and
Norway
rolling
came
and
by ordering
through
get
at home.
orders
of
in
building
maintaining
with
frames
With
the
ordered
haven't
We
the
radically.
changed
war
not
could
spring
for
war
Aeronautical.
they
making
and
engines,
the
1/20/41
‘The French Army officers replied:
concerned
even more
were
British
of
(Sec.B)
plant,
plenty
them.
with
do
we
Whitney
Wright
wanted to order 10,000 planes.
"But
Production
in which
the way from
began
brave
words
to
Phil
the
click.
about
- 7 =
| out
mentioning
a EX
certain
five
times
were
who
the
actual
great
output.
Seattle
what
it had
bothered
to
look
Mr.
Roosevelt
stated
manufacturer
was
actually
producing
the
up
brutal
up
stepped
plane
that
had
been
a
of
production
of
1940
But
as
right
was
Mr.
side
the
at
been
roughly
somewhat
Knudsen
of
the
50
intimated
previously
have
was to
was
production
rate
700
better
has
said:
estimates."
per
planes.
than
planes
“It was
for
per
amounting
time
@iummp
@_uRmm.
this
month,
to
it
Since
December,
production
potual
that,
won,
announced.
and
schedule.
production
1 ,0OO
of
election
the
that Mr. Knudsen <i
behind
cent
that
with
Association
Manufacturer's
the
before
4,
it was
Then
told.
be
could
truth
the
that
Boeing
1959
in
per month!
November
after
until
not
thet
fact
that
there
few
year,
previous
the
in
was producing roughly two bombers
It was
with-
When
produced
. gl
the
when
figures
percentage
through
1/20/41
Hartford speech)
1. (the
of November
production
plane
in
increases
gave
speech
campaign
in his
President
(Sec.B)
crescendo
of
kind
reached a
obfuscation
of
process
whole
Production
1940,
meant
in December
799
to get
planes.
on the
instruction,
first
for
trainers
takes
which
North
horsepower.
"Dutch"
Kindelberger,
cerning
which
on
general
is
on
a 40 per
cal
ships
the
production
include
scout
and
the
decks
of either
flown
off
For the army they consist
ships.
its
The navy spreads
North
and
and
American
at
fighters
work
some
the
for
Curtiss.
the
Belli
Brewster
with
three
of
rate
the
month.
propeller.
but
army,
has
But
the
It
great
to
business
the
is
navy
For
the
bombers,
and
observation
or
planes,-
battle-
and pursuits.
in interceptors
Grumman,
two
in
per
day.
mainstays
the
Douglas,
Vought,
in
job
a bang-up
doing
Brewster
of
of
job
is
being
thirty
done
by
Curtiss,
producing
also
army
the
development
roughly
producing
production
and
cruisers
is located behind the pilot,
now
these
planes.
carriers
planes
pioneered
cobra in which the engine
to
torpedo
fighters,
advances
one
as
begin
production
tactical
light
the
to
trainers
of
headaches
real
The
ali
our
of
cent
per
50
1941
in
output.
total
from
to
closer
run
may
trainers
of
tacti-
to
though
basis,
cént
per
- 60
cent
appears
trainers
of
ratio
production
the
In
00.
page
con-
job,
which
article
the
to
referred
is
H.
J.
of
production
a spectacular
is doing
reader
the
administration
the
under
American,
to 700
to 500
up
running
& Whitney
Pratt
from
engines
is North American
trainers
of advanced
greatest manufacturer
The
and Continental.
Lycoming
by
supplied
chiefly
plants
power
big-
The
of primary trainers are Stinsen and Ryan with
gest manufacturers
yaxwmar
trainers.
advanced
and
mw
- 1/20/41
Production(Sec.B)
-9-
the
are
does
Bell
Aira~-
and shafted
planes
Curtiss
per
which
is
The
by Burdette
been
very
feet
of
Wright
rapid.
floor
of
1,200,000
of
over
At
the
fighting
saquare
of
it
per
cooled
The
for
machine
guns;
present
P-40
tremely
difficult
French,
and
the
be done
is
two
has
for
been
of
350
It
speak
of the
to a limited degree,
not just
to
turn
out
able
two
to
great
outstripped
pace
with
the
Curtiss
P-38
carried
for
need
Such
Making
the
modifying
Yet
reason
this
of
he believes.
It
is
to
demand
to
presently.
of
only
1939.
the
two
The
ex-
change-over
for
assembly
changes
are
Burdette
designs.
templates,
also
Wright
This
But after all the
turn
prob-—
are
that
“freezing”
sixty
liquid-
this
changes
160
such
out
This
the
keep
guns.
one
namely that
to
in
plant
problems
back
French
square
Ohio.
turn
to a second,-
the
has
second
engines.
Allison
for
new
Columbus,
come
old
planes.
be
had
templates.
is
at
a
shall
required
new
and
We
production-wise.
instance,
Buffalo
A
far
machine
eight
feet.
is
500,000
have
added
were
essential.
if you
to
The
more
carries
making
absolutely
shudders
builders
square
will
had
only
over
Jansen,
Expansion
had
built
only to give rise
power.
fire
English
being
enough
get
to
at
Curtiss
in horsepower.
problem
the
is
up
Pete
sings.
plant
800,000
Curtiss
was
engine
builders
second
feet
day.
the
going
expansion
first
air-cooled
1940
and presided
manager,
really
which
month.
per
P-40's
at Buffalo,
factory
has
is
square
lem has now been met,
the
Dutch
now
feet
its
The
his
country
space;
planes
overcome.
and
located
In January
1,000,000
peak
plant,
the
in
few
the
of
one
Curtiss
Allison-powered
its
200 of
roughly
out
turning
out
mw
- 1/20/41
(Sec.B)
Production
-10-
planes
can
idea
that
can
-12new
in
together
‘them
really
sub-assemblies
complex
the
mw
small
represented
of
is it the actual making
Nor
Avery
??777
President
which
parts
- 1/20/41
and other equipment not used in the
body parte.
of automobile
making
(Sec.B)
worth
$400,000
roughly
which
pneumatic riveters,
drills,
the
of
tools,
machine
Production
dreads.
in
must
which
putting
is
It
fit
turn
to the last thousandth of an inch when they um are shipped Weat
assembly.
final
for
to Douglas
Subcontracting
great
four
which
with
the
this
plan
Parts
Martin
and
be
to
are
makers
will
made
by
the present
time
per
will be able
plants
that
American
should
in
Worth.
others.
On
|
to turn out roughly
rise
At
of
150 bombers
roughly
we are producing
2a figure
Under
is for 1942 and 1943.
This however,
by
mid-West
in Fort
and
Hudson,
Chrysler,
the
them.
North
Douglas
and
in
up
for
parts
Omeha,
in
a plant
Ford,
(March)
month,-
the
all
in Tulsa,
Consolidated
300 bombers per month.
types
up
put
these mid-West
completion
making
program
bolder
be put
will
plants
their
learn
Murray
and
a still
way
under
assembly
new
automobile
City
Kansas
all
has
Meanwhile Knudsen
jobs.
Briggs
like
firms
as
however,
further,
much
go
to
going
is
Detroit
into
kind
this
of
to
500
by ® mid-
summer.
‘faking the plane or air-frame program as a whole a rough
index
curves
about
and
to
its
progress
appearing
15,000,000
by mid-1942
by
is given
on pages
000
square feet
25,000,000
and
of
the
000.
floor
square
feet,
floor
area
and
By mid-1941
employment
we
should
space
devoted
to plane
the
average
for
1941
have
making,
being
;
-1517,000,000
about
pounds
7.5
sir
of
A
feet.
square
can
frame
be
Prdocution
rule
rough
turned
out
of
per
(Sec.B)
is
thumb
square
~ 1/20/41
that
about
of
floor
foot
mw
area per year of 300 working days and on a 3:2:1 employment basis.”
* This
as
the
The
This
first
average
weighs
about
brings
during
that
the
second
shift,
and
the
means
1941,
air-frame
6,000
us
out
which
third
without
pounds,
with
counting
a possible
1s probably
about
two-thirds
shift
about
as
one-third
engines,
propellers,
pursuits
trainers,
production
optimistic.
and
of
As we
large.
instruments
and
bombers.
frames
21,000
have
large
as
is
shift
noted
duction 1s more apt to run to between 15,000 and 20,000.
pro-
The
engines
program,-
the
of
shortage
the
over
complete
a bomber,
storage,
and
Just
of
engines
these
making
radial
At
in 1942.
high-powered
class,
row
about
about
800
trainers
and
the
engines
1,200
cylinder
1,500
are
planes
and
Pratt
time
month
into
Wright
--
type
engines
is
about
and
horsepower,
(2,600
Detroit
cubic
Pratt
or
engines
of
makers
both
a
of
less
im-
In addition
will
which
out
turning
fruit
bear
roughly
1,000
40 per
cent
m&
Cyclone
per
sent
of
the
double
inch displacement)
devel-
60
& Whitney
per month,
so
& Whitney,
more
type.
cooled
dis-
to
great
Wright
Allison,
production.
light
two
is
ships,
tucttoat
The
with
let
horsepower.
high-powered
of
over,
liquid
been
per
case
to distinguish between
types,
present
plane
the
in
shortage
ongine
on
actual
for
put
be
to
Seattle
the
would
Francisco
factor
the
in
an in-line
have
San
necessary
country
this
to
to
took
immediate
a more
Seattle
a limiting
horsepower and
air-cooled
developing
fourteen
oping
in
contracts
portant
between
1,000
making
newcomer,
is
it is necessary
in engines
those
still
Knudsen
1940 Boeing
present
At
line.
the
is
it
as
sharply
tinguish
and
it
but
acute,
less
off
coming
ship
next
When
of
back
engines
the
ship
then
from
it down
fly
the
was
of
probiem
upon
summer
the
During
frames.
the
than
problem
and
acute
was
engines
pliant.
power
the
of
problem
the
is
plane
superimposed
But
enough.
tough
be
would
tion
produc-~
of
problem
ducts, the
the
and
cables
the
mounts,
gun
rivets,
the
parts,
dural
the
just
were
ship
a tactical
If
the
mw
- 1/20/41
(Sec.B)
Production
~14-
is
mostiy
turning
of
the
out
twin-row
~15~
Wasp
type
duction
(1,830
on
2,000
2,400
units
would
permit
an
output
be
(the
last
load
through
will
find
page
00;
ning
with
this
plane,
600
must
allowance
in December
per
units
another
completing
of
‘contracting
of
shafts.
impressive
its
of
its
own
its
engines,
and
doing
Its
plant
at
aggregate
Paterson,
of
machine
for
all
the
tools
in
space
to
has
found
of
bullt
the
casting
on
the
sub-
itself
cylinder
crank-
the
the mmx
in
out~
feet
a policy
Wright
1938,
rapidly
is
and
square
machining
be
Begin-
December,
Paterson,
contains
indeed,
on
development
pursued
engines;
foundries
owning
vertically,
heads
parts
reader
The
spectacular.
1,000,000
has
& Whitney
Pratt
major
about
and
of roughly
factory
Cincinnati.
the
in
2,700,000
some
has
floor
whole
the
year.
next
picture,
engine
the
even more
of
scuare feat
700,000
only
in
& Whitney's
been
has
Wright
even
it
Pratt
of
description
that of
but
of
bulk
the
and
1941,
a full
now
Wright
up
about
to
practically
caer
be
will
manufacturers
older
role
impending
Detroit's
Despite
side
1,200
to
|
month.
the
and
which
to about
running
was
figure)
published
1,000
England
to
engines
of
export
the
for
up
But
ships.
mw
pro-
now
per
engines
into
is
running
is
tacticai
1,200
of
- 1/20/41
is getting
of between
two
allow
(Sec.B)
production
production
U.S.
If we
month.
and
Allison
on engines
month
per
made
also
engine.
total
that
so
horsepower,
inch displacement)
h.p.
per
engines
600
about
a
cubin
Production
most
entire
industry.
The
business
of
producing
engines
is
a blue-chip
game
foot,
to
of
months
six
with
the
then
mark,
1,000
was
development
lack
The
has
else,
of
been
a V-type
under
1938.
the
But Allison
Wright
advantage
the
that
other
same
this
day.
Pratt
or
having
of
& Whitney
to
time perform
was
into
get
The
engine
with
it.
bugs
out
remarked
has been
was
It
of
a new
job.
an Allison
disappointing
Con-
Curtiss
under
the
dis-
and
at
had to learn
production
in that
in
experience
motor,
"We have
suddenly
Allison
the
of the
none
anything
development
then
for
hard
plunked
a big preduction
no Buick,"
the
in 1936,
die
behind
the
so
entire
the
much as
in our
first let
game
the
But
as
trouble
engine
Johnson
Louis
came
army
The
liquid-cooled
impulsive
the
of
cause
root
crank-
done
having
output.
evolution,
orderly
engine.
a liquid-cooled
querer,
of
the
of
such
It
a revolution.
not
evolution,
a slow
of
levels
higher
still
towards
on
pushed
damper
dynamic
shaft (the
and
welght),
or wiggle
en-
the
to
a counterbasenced
perfecting
through
problem
this
solved
began
problem.
vibrational
a
by
stymied
became
ee
the
canny
up
Cyclone
bigger
its
of
output
the
pushed
it
gineering
of
By
h.p.
400
roughly
produced
which
Whirlwind
years
instance,
for
Wright,
road.
the
of
turn
every
at
theorists
to
checking
engineers
production
the
with
development
constant
ten
or
five
of
result
the
is
it
tooling;
five
of
result
the
just
not
is
engine
a great
that
is
missed
has
public
impatient
an
which
point
Another
wakers.
frame
air
is common
which
foot
square
per
$
the
as against
square
per
>.
to
running
plant
in
investment
an
involving
ma
- 1/20/41
(Sec.B)
Production
-16-
man
the
it develops
-17only
about
1,100
horsepower,
far
ahead
of
forged
need
not
in
retrospect
and
secondly
ever
a Plane
and
radial
This
is
not
to
engine
in
this
letting
designed
smaller
shops
around
the
develop
for
mistake
die,
of
pursuit
a liquid-cooled
engine.
kept
Curtiss
have
to
strategy
type,
while
experimental
do
we
that
development
maker
mw
have
great
The
greatest
our
makers
however,
cooled
air-cooled
planes
engine
say,
liquid
safer
(Sec.B.} - 1/20/41
country.
requires
which
been
have
the
Curtiss,
switching
in
It would
XNAXAXKKKto
the
a development
into
ships,
WAS
while
that.
a liquid-cooled
Production
letting
Boll
liquid-cooled
engines.
are
shafte which
its
main
assenbly
has
also
gone
is
under
Ford
on
shipped
over
plant.
The
through
Ford,
horsepower engines
2,000
ts
This
i942.
once
per
day
has
learned
know
those
about,"
where
the
hiskow
something
aircraft
by
parts
the
late
in
1941
of
the
this
P & W
the
do
know
are
the
was
what
end
other
are
day,
standing
spread
engines
but
Rouge,
they
out
in
on
into
running
and
Ford
also
“You
business.
tricky engine
Bricker
a
of
Whitney
&
Pratt
1,060 planes
Wizard
Carl Bricker
man.
of
of
output
really
boys
production
the
about
genial
5,000
beginning
contemplated
remarked
right-hand
Rouge
far
deliver
to
contract
Fecketa.
and
Studebaker,
Buick,
makers
sutemobile
the
of
enlistment
has
Allison
where
Indianapolis
to
cam
and
rod
connecting
crankshafts,
the
making
at
job
production
a bang-up
doing
now
is
Cadillac
and
Detroit,
and
makers
engine
the
between
bridge
important
as an
served
has
Alifeon
talking
Sorensen's
& room
the
at
floor
the
for
his
~18engineers
a
was
show
to
more
much
amusement
of
source
however,
March,
$37
By
Packard
for the
is
army,
and 6,000 for
production
per
motor
by
July
day,
or
500
him
at the beginning:
about
means
men,
this
gane.
and
Allison,
promise
laying
under
$t
his
expanding
working
man.
which
remark
the
repeat
in
What
is
of
"You have
the
right
43
work
up
to
some
new
2,490
and give
happening
attack
1,200
because
is
as being
than
that
tools.
the
the
the
British
for
it
to 17,000
is
Packard
Rolls,
way round"
are
to
humble
also
the
like
"T'd rather
under-powered.
other
he
that
made
Corps
men
forty
likes to
assignment
700
first
says
you're
idea,
about
machine
difficulties
Air
his
about
from
force
working
has been under
1,050
the
Gilman
the
Brett
humble
contract.
of
President
month.
to
3,900
engines,
making
to
there
from
and
the
General
Gilman
special
for
calls
out
handed
was
it can’t be done,” but he also
"wouldn't bet a dollar
the
at
job.
on a $35 million
the British
per
risen
hand
its
Merlin
Royce
Rolls
6,000
29,
however
Detroit
in
schedule
fhe Packard
engines
to
slated
which
this
By
horsepower
1,500
Wright's
assignment
toughest
the
far
parts
while Studebaker has accepted a
making
contract for
|
have
will
trying
also
is
Buick
P & W 2,000 horsepower engine,
miliion
nothing
FP & W
of
plant
foot
square
shop.
tool
Ford
the
opposite
poi-~
January.
in
back
visitors
to
600,000
& new
2 room-fuli
than
plans
its
for
with
empire
Rouge
smoking
the
of
picture
The
highly
respect.
considerable
with
parts
ished
and
study,
to
those
regard
to
come
have
they
- 1/20/41 dd
(Sec.B)
Production
says
scoppering
Gil-
their
- 19
bets
for
the
by
pushing into
the
.
Packard
in
tories
are
experiment
bombed
and
Spitfires
in March
month
we
will
should
be
from
be
the
thia:
the
Napir
type,
we
be
will
so
—
engine,
however,
a hedge
against
consideration
et
least
that
if
the
one
of
British
British
for
the
favor
in
have
here
arsenal
an
fac-
powering
Hurricanes.
like
A production
affair.
to rise
continue
per
7,000
some
Allison
1,000
units;
if
luck
As Gilman
there
are
is with
says:
by
powered
with
them.
"There
only greys."
spring
the
Of
month.
units;
engines
2,400
of
until
high
men
program,
air-frame
the
2,000
in this game;
as
shall
roughly
automobile
new
Packard,
horsepower.
country,
this
there
producing
initely estimates.
whites
production
Royce
program,
will
1/21/41da
contributing
1,800
Whitney
in
the
a two-year
{Sec.B)
over-riding
the
is
out,
engine
The
viously
&® Rolls
And
production
engine
the
»
horsepovers.
higher
Production
tools with an eye to producing the 2,000
has bought all machine
horsepower
2,000
some
developing
of
capable
spring
-
these
of 1942
Pratt
the balance
these
are no blacks
ob-
per
Wright
unite;
But
is
xx
and
coming
are
and
def-
strain
were
in 1939
makers
tool
a
famine
A —
terrific.
has been
here
tool
machine
the
drawing on
industry
defense
the
makers,
the
business,
business.
a $200 million
doing
with
But
to aviation.
going
is
output
tool
machine
1/20/41dd
B)
(Sec.
Production
-
21
|
Aes
$400
+
asda
Fal
|
, with
Gea
4a
:
New Englanders
:
or men
stock
of New England
they
Mostly
for the part.
born
“They were not
anaes
od
of tools.
$650 million worth
:
Knud-
promised
have
they
1941
In
million.
whose fathers
e
%
i
Burt,
Ciifford
Miles Bennett
nay
of
thinks. nothing
the
“Sharpe
waiting
negro
the
walking
into
porters
there
of Brown and Sharp,
:u
¥
Pond)
by
ed
er
ow
-p
gh
hi
of
d
rl
wo
y
ur
nt
ce
th
20
e
th
removed from
i¥e
could find.
alizing
—
in radial
Teuchter
érille,
of the
Cincinatta
is known as
the
Henry
names.
as
is an older man about
*
August
greet-
and
station
first
their
at Providence,
individual
is a big bluff
Hartford
Pratt
of
president
flight as one
Bickford
pessimist
geniel
speci-
COs
of
the
the
er,
Gei
d
Fre
e
lik
out
nd
sta
s
ion
ept
exc
e
er
Here and th
e
in
ch
Ma
g
in
ll
Mi
i
tt
na
in
nc
Ci
e
th
up
tual who heads
vrs
pit
of ee
at
as
of Spring-
-~ 22 =
ere big,
The problems
are
most
are
®.
W.
The
engine
especially
cylinder
Lewis,
Giddons,&
and
the
Cleveland
in
goes
demand
age
Y
the
of
4
the
per
hand
to
set
day
in
motion
six
is
largely
man
months
plan
board
three
a program
4ts
the
in
--
designed
to
inception.
fanfare
argument
the
there
its
original
hfe
three
build
This
planes
be
for
contemplated
government,
board
could
to
aplenty
form
from
This
500
demand
tools
are
tool
machine
that
labor.
from
the
great
a
shortof Walter
plan
of
because
The
and
from
on
bogus,
of a nine
management
from
the
plane
But the
deal
with
announced
the
the
up
bold
short-cut
to
which proposes
based
to
impetus
give
to
sh Detrott
appointment
three
to
is
tools
machine
ready
Jamary,
in
press
that
dispute.
of
plenty
to
subject
DLAN »
This
bottleneck.
the
C.1I.0.
80
held
has
shortage
tool
machine
enough
acute
been
a.
is
program
engine
has
the
tool
with
circle.
endless
an
mach
How
and
need
themselves
makers
machine
products,
thats
making
for
tools
Tho
manufacturers.
engine
and
plane
of
orders
demand
the
does
Nor
Automatic.
end
tools
machine
for
Fay,
Swazey,
by Warner
made
lathes
large-sized
and
and
Lucas
by
made
those
as
such
mills,
boring
barrels,
for
used
grinders
for Norton
of
inside
the
out
finishing
machine,
of
kind
every
nearly
for
yelling
are
makers
are
which
Brooklyn,
of
Co.,
Bliss
parts.
out
4nstamping
used
by
made
presses,
pneumatic
Bliss
big
for
especially
yelling
a
or
eight-month
an
on
now
makers
plane
The
basis.
year's
at
basis
a three-month
on
be
to
used
which
Deliveries
everything.
of almost
shortages
for there are
1/20/41da
B)
(Sec.
Production
in
turn
was
and
engines
done,
Reuther
Mr.
as
more
having
what
asked
of
hours
and
of
The
greys.
the
it
since
suspect
is
are
managers
automobile
N
to
over
energies
the
of
appraisal
the
the
and
Pratt
the
Rouge
Whitney
foreman
Machine
e
nincoenenretre
nsennr28
hes
that
hours
forging
realistic
any
hand,
other
yore
their
switch
than
greatly
sim-
the
he
found
Bricker
Co.
of
saw
shop
when
Tiffin,
within
his
shops.
Yet
in
enough
a
an
special
with
later
the
equipment
manager
on
hand,
of
the
was
shop,
on
the
the
to handle
pe
to
glance,
in
put
for
Ohio,
make
difficulties.
no
latter
the
to
first
At
barrél.
forge
Reuther
big
"“upsetter"
no
cylinder
Ford's
Whitney
and
Pratt
4&8
Mr.
even
to
the
order
having
phone:
"For
Nat-
costing
upsetter
tried
sure,
He
$103,-
Forty~-
"
.
r
e
d
r
o
e
h
t
l
e
c
n
a
c
l
l
'
I
"
,
r
e
k
c
i
r
B
d
i
a
s
"
t
h
"All rig
000.
eight
of
manager
chided
4onal
for
parts
entire
SETTLER ge, Mee,
egitimats’
&
have
they
The
Detroit.
of
out
slightly
are
fraternity
region
the
in
but
white
Reuther
anxious
as
was
instancé,
for
Ford,
all
the
on
show
will
situation
engines.
aircraft
and
rather
cars
But,
making.
plane
far Detroit
how
to
taken
see
in
usual"
be
scales
matter.
the
plified
"business
dao
_ desire, to
as
should
because
suspect
also
plan
things
most
of
suspicious
wage
aircraft
the
of
arguments
over
and
black
not
argue
aircraft
making
certeinlyax
is
answer
the
Were
used
be
can
tools
machine
it
as
be
well
may
Also,
raises
it
which
in
the
where
point
one
question
the
in
is
seriously
The
work.
except
do
would
board
a nine-man
truth.
than
value
publicity
down
set
be
may
day
per
planes
500
of
figure
Reuther's
eLapacity.
Petroit
to work unused
by putting
simply
argued,
(Sec. B) 1/20/41da
Production
- 23 -
to
make
God's
the
sakes,
Bricker,
Mr.
specially
better
hed
they
the
be
used
these
and
answer
has
years
for
one
tities
needed
of
are
men
In
are
making
to
had
which
in new
fine
tolerances
of
this
was
had
to
wait
best
to
operations.
pay
aircraft
fe
machine
not
on
new
buy
work,
machine
truth
of
with
tools
the
entire
job.
the
because
smaller
capable
argument
i.e.
of
in
quantities,
of performing
between
Reuther
genrecent
in
made
tools
the
orderec,
be
manufacture
-~-
can
machines
must
tools
themselves
Detroit
machines
automobile
that
tor
up
hold
to
enough
many
that
certain
that
Dut
"anecial”
which
"general"
then
be
emphasize
toward
purpose,
made.
work,
important
been
to
seems
aircraft
automobile
eral
In
seemed
it
anyway,
them.
around,
The
for
the
since
Jack~
of
Co.
the
job
entire
the
do
Machine
ordered
Some
equipment.
new
equipment
crankshaft
all
machines
Yet
necessary.
absolutely
getting
brand
have
to
for
thet
theory
on
enough
profilers
longer
foot
big
company
the
addition,
machines
milling
and
lathes
fn
ordered.
Allison
the
is
make
short on
also
was
Cadillac
rods,
connecting
be
which
Michigan,
gon,
of
in Cadillac,
a
to
months
six
some
took
part
Crankshaft
the
from
pought
be
to
had
They
job.
and
Cadillac,
the
than
lathes
no
were
there
found
easily
shaft
Allison
The
crankshaft.
the
-~
engine
have
we
as
toughest
the
making
is
seen
be
to
is
example
interesting
equally
An
which
it
bring
to
ears
Rouge.
the
to
down
it took two freight
though
did,
Bricker
Mr.
Get that 73 Ajax."
order.
that
cancel
don't
equipment.
our
busted
I've
1/20/41da
B)
(Sec.
~ 2k ~ Production
big
quan-
what
is
a number
and
the
- 25 - Production
pO
ea RTT
city
Mr.
penny
epPOZ EMNE Mia sy
take
| the
before
"Reuther
Knudsen
how
we
has
can
he
upon
appeared
is
plan”
already
substitute
problem
is how best
already
existent
simply
set
in
industry.
than
version
glorified
for
can be
Ang
the
put
spur |(Detralt
the
plane
to
of
the
however,
program
critical
problem
builders.
The
the
service
to
deignec
had
Fundamentally,
scene.
motion,
Detroit
Detroit
the
it
and
a,
to
been
has
inventory
of
REETEN
MNP RECESS ROO AAS N ET IOI Ee
capa-~
The greatost
knows it.
moments
ved-head
dynamic
taking
careful
a mtx more
APPS PSR gt ANE
simple
that
not
just
is
job
The
oat ng ae cea agnor
ec S
"MeuW
amiable,
this
year,
evangelistic
r in his. less
Reuth
per
making.
plane
ace
service of
into
scars
only
excess
huge
has
it
therefore
and
year
per
cars
8,000,000
of
capacity
4,000,000
ouct
turns
not
a total |
has
Betro!7
o
hy, a
is
it
But
instance,
for
because,
that
argue
to
possibile
cannot
Others
effect.
good
to
lines
automobile
the
of
out
yanked
be.
lies
managers
Detroit
be
can
tools
Some
position.
in a compromise
B) 1/20/41dd
(Sec.
of
an
which
1s
not
eritical
the
tay
7
}
|
- 26 +
And aluminum
is
of
out
this
of
weight
300
day during
put
is
fact
over
much
makers,
plane
the
coming
of
the
real
is
is
the
off
engine
and
makers
serve
only
not
accessory
other
demands
commertial non-military
whole
IM LEER NAEP
po
of
raw
ASSN
production
lines
1941
actual
and
only
taking
about
output,
ingot
and
now.
engines
planes
are
swing
to
capacity
ingot
aluminum
the
Indeed,
mentioned
above
se eee
plenty
program.
present
the
also
but
supply
which must
be
not
1942 will
for
,
y
t
i
l
a
e
r
d
r
a
h
to
n
w
o
d
s
d
u
o
l
c
m
a
e
r
a
e
h
t
of
t
ou
g
Comin
there
however,
the
the
and
builders,
~ a
lbs.
600,000,000
aluminum
of
output
total
the
that
some
of
aluminum
finished
of
cold
the
But
ibs.
900,000,000
out=
yearly
a necessary
mean
would
year
the
in
days
per
planes
500
then
equipment,
all
minus
frame
air
an
take
we
If
commodity.
basic
average
the
as
pounds
6,000
of
terms
in
figuring
concrete
little
a
do
and
pencils
their
1,000
or
500
producing
take
to
weil
do
would
day
per
planes
alrily
talk
who
those
And
itself.
aluminum
of
production
the
-
industry,
that
Behind
-
line,
supply
ultimate
its
lg
1/20/41
(Sec.B)
Production
|
cent
per
25
if
we
produce
It
is
in
rub,
not
in
production
planes,
the
of
production
fabricated
extrusions
fuselages,
categories
tubing
plane
for
rods
and
of
the
raw
--
aluminum
wing
spars,
and bars
engine
product.
and
forgings
sheet
engines
takes
In all
80
per
and
w ings
for covering
rivets.
production
for
the
of
and
these
cent
to
95
rae
Es
= 87 = Production (Sec.B) 1/20/41 lg |
id
‘
<
4
ae
all of
these
delays have
¥
§
2
uy
£
delivery.
occurred in
critical delays have
and
r cent of capacity,
NOG
¢
gtk
i
Ne
i
A
y
ey
‘
s:
a
em
ee
been
due to under~
Fe
‘
q
The easiest thing in the world to do about
ty, however.
-
:
‘
is
:
:
ain
*
:
5x
;
4
:
4
America,
Company of
the Aluminum
y to sit back and lambaet
t
r
x
f
x
:
:
4
Re
Seat
n does
s a 100 per cent monopoly over ingot productioand
sr cent of all country's fabricating.
The fact is, how-
ing about expan
longsion
before the Army,
the Navy, and the
efense Commission ever got around to the problem. Moreover, par2
:
;
,
:
*
:
sf
si
:
Prag
‘
f
‘
®
elay in deliveries has
nothing whatever
to do with
capac=
, Tt has to do with the time which it thkes between the day —
ace
a
%
Ve
when it can legitimately
hope to get them.
:
Sit
i
forging must
gear.
landing
tions on a forging going into a
ee
that Lockheed
ss Suppose, for instance,
ied
and the
for instance,
a batch of forgings,
a company orders
Ss
travel from the coast
speots
changes
for
‘Drawings
to Pittsburgh.
ae
te
n the die for the forgin©g,
to make
luminum Company then may begi
i
ie
or it may sub-contract the work out
to some small die maker, say
Beat
4
Gleveland. It takes perhaps three months
es
}
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Matt
‘
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with an 0.K.,
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ec
sp
in
for
ed
he
k
ck
Lo
c
to
a
b
t
sen
be
en
1st th
> Aluminum Co.
which
the die
to make
ot
rs
4
.
‘
and in the _
y now, comes back to coordination,
nt both on the factory floor and in Weshlane and engine manufacturers and they will
¢:
bos
ve
i
‘
:
b
;
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e
h
t
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nis big hand say:
which he knows so well,
ical arguments
and
n
,
e
l
n
p
o
e
h
i
t
s
i
v
r
e
p
u
s
e
th
"It's
have just got to warm up on this thing."
he problem
of labor,- a problem fully discussed
in
i
_
co
is
th
o
e
t
t
a
n
i
d
r
o
b
u
s
is
ng on page 00,- Knudsen in
his speech to the
n spoke of this "terrible blackout" which
©
y morning.
Mot
iday nigh
making
e
i
But the
blackout —
:
fae
of engines for
week with overtime being»
of the aiz-frame indusa
s
n
o
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i
n
n
i
p
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o
s
d
u
n
K
n
i
-day week, but
out 10 per cent
4
ise Management
-31shops,
and
here.
It
sheet
is m
takes
one
supervisor
is
story
which
trol,
nearly
took
to
an
oversight
due
mechanism.
control
line
production
is
that
control
man with
for
the
a pair
a rough
wasteful
as
spoiling
constantly
km other
changed
examples
allowing
for
the
and
out
come
are
then
now
of
has
what
over
cpening
over
Yes.
Wasteful?
a production
begun
management
is
to
line
click.
"wearing
the
entire
defec-
a
where
a shop
to
the
over
happening
is
with
back-door
trundled
flap.
rhythm
of where
the
of
29 small
cuts
only
Actually,
to
thing
the
up
it
that
aperture
holding
meant
have
would
change-over.
hand-made
in
normal
the
shears
puts
The
this
and
of
it.
an
con-
cable
@ certain
at
get
dis-
who
located
But
planes
set-up,
design
the
changed
recruits.
maker
plane
desper-
is
it
them
so
had
are
"know how”
been
to
work
of
hours
twelve
"A great
undrilled
planning;
in
inspection,
constant
needs
have
to
was
today
the
one
of
industry
in
wtnce
top-sergeants."
have
the
to
knowledge
current
that,
covered
airplane
by its
you
It
job.
the
plants.
engine
when
even
and
their
on
pass
to
hard
ately
in most
"aves
said,
has
men
in the
per man
find,
to
hard
twenty
the men with the ess<nial
sergeants,
top
desperately
and
every
Dutch Kindelberger
And the
tive
to
supervisors
HOW MANY
army"
do
or magnetos
at
labor
flinging
just
use
no
is
there
And
The
dramatics
not arrived for installation.
have
and
mw
aluminum
the
carburetors
the
where
or
hand,
on
not
just
- 1/20/41
violent
no
where
shop
a
into
men
bring
to
useless
is
(Sec.B)
be
can
There
some.
in
shifts
triple
Production
controls,
the
But
that
And
thin."
as
not
has
been
there
There
are
is
, was changing
some —
—
s
t
g
a
n
i
g
r
o
f
y
n
a
r
o
f
r
e
d
e or
where a manufacturer
working closely
.
r some planes while Mr. Purvis thought the
5
.
.
al
s.
hand
ne
ust no engion
t
ea
gr
y
an
as
r
cu
oc
at
th
es
ak
st
mi
of
cind
They
sy
mistakes, grounded
are unavoidable
*
.
9
.
The first 1s to back the plane and engine
«
The zi
y
A
business
’
engines,
that is cheap, and to ©
r
>
;
y useless to spond much time
*
fi
: f
~23present
time,
prevent
one
is
to
put
strike
the
such
to
drew
up
might
make
if it had
if it had
present
Hiliman
the
Office
and
best
flanked
still
plenty
erying
for
Office
of
be
Arnold
for
of
of
one
fxm
that
"boss-man."
The
Joint
Army,
for
the
Army,
Admiral
allocates
from
Knudsen's
as
towards
coordinating
a high
ranking
army
the
Navy
consider
really
constitute
the
British
the
was
asked
needs
a single
of
goes
the
probably
there
are
who
are
above
the
that
can
really
approximating
a High
Navy,
on
and
and
which
Selfe
or
and
committee
the
direct
the
British,
he
sits
Faery
usually
in
J.S.
types.
the
triangle?”
them-
Knudsen-
West
Treasury,
This
the
authority.
by
Committee
of the
for
when
though
one
thing
the
of
dtimson is
middle
it
and
be
would
1940
to
Detroit
done
nothing
specifications
official
that
the
for
office.
between
worked
gunmaiiax
Towers
day
got.
of
mw
than
it has not
made,
British
a representative
deliveries
you
Navy,
per
headed
and
finds
closest
Vultee
without
and
But when
one
important
coordinating
been
in
more
at
spring
Knox
have
Management
be
Management
manufacturers
the
representative
the
- 1/20/42
the aluminum,
that
a leader
could
Command.
it had
could
from
is
planes
a little
Secretaries
is
the British,
if
do
Production
single
& High
to
(Sec.B)
occurred
many
that
without
by
it
machines
thing
far
was
small
Production
called
Command
great
compromise
of how
critical
moved
Commission
Defense
The
have
which
know-how,
of Washington
We
bluntly,
that
plans
the
of the
second
coordinators
selves.
as
elaborate
some
The
matter
Production
general
and
But
was
has
when
question:
the
2
Army
forced
"Do
and
to
-34—-
in
Britain's
cause
seem
that
the
mand
which
is
our
time
would
is
and
agement,
could
smallest
manufacturer
of
are
to
two
be
ways
limitations
we
look
won.”
and
effort,
which we are
see
British
Command
with
will
wars.
One
the
other
is
The
plane
that
the
suffering
to do.
(END)
to
the
now
has
that
they
from
like
our
spell
if
this
year
"There
said:
something
are
aspects
inability
in
one
not
something
most
holding
out
But
tongue
are
that may
squeeze
to
to be made
they
avis
British
estimated.
is
every
got
the
able
But
discussed,
-- plenes
and
1941
of
by reason
ships
already
England
or
year
the
in
a
command
of
a unity
18,000
and
program,
single
biggest
be
way
of
Man-
defeat
have
Com-
Production
picture
now
High
of
a trenchant
at
is still
trying
planes
would
Office
have
might
a real
it
part
in 1941
lines
then
as
that
it
to
of
Such
15,000
case,
that
said
needs
down
production
decisions
administered,
coneluded
defense
to
felt
between
A Frenchman
now.
from
the
country.
the
30,000
the
the
done
to be
demands
be
a High
than
better
1942
is
such
And
fast.
through
between
difference
the
out
U.8.
off the
coming
able plane
and
might
Command
a High
such
British
actual
physical
sheer
the
the
creation
in
will
that 1s
the
its
the
If
for
working
make
output
our
when
which
change
not
ripe
treat
problem,
would
cause.
mw
least
at
have
to
seems
President
The
speeches.
published
his
- 1/20/41
far,
that
gone
have
to
seems
President
the
But
(Sec.B)
yet."
far
that
gone
not
we have
"No,
answer.
Production
to
of
be
the
to decide
- Item sets