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UAW Solidarity
-
1963-07-01
-
Vol. 6 No. 7
-
July, 1963
UAW.
3
:
:
es
:
Second
A
paid
at
Class Postage
indianapolis,
indiana.
President Kennedy Demands Congress Enact
An
Effective
Civil Rights Program
s a Great Surge for Freedom
weeps
o
Across the Nation
See
pages
3, 4
Martin Luther King, Jr. Writes ‘Letter from Birmingham Jail’
—See
Senior
Citizens Demand
Action
on Health
Care
page
Bill —See
pages
12,
Hunger Is the World-Wide Despot
White Collar Workers
7
In
has
Canada
,
Win
Proposes
Food
Production
Bice Tos Bindes
|
—See
Chrysler Election
——See
UAW
Page
2
Page
16
5
13
Te me Se OSPACL
PY hconie)
WORKERS
os trae’
Bre
Union,
International
PUBLICATION,
OFFICJAL
AGRIC GLTUR AL IMPLEMENT
Agricultural
and
Aerospace
Automobile,
United
Implement Workers of America, AFL-CIO. Published
monthly. Editorial office, 8000 E. Jefferson, Detroit
14, Michigan. Yearly subscription to members, 60c:
to non-members, $1.00.
POSTMASTER:
label
mailing
to
Send
2457
Form
E.
attached
3579
St.,
Washington
under
directly
7%,
Indianapolis
Ind. Second class postage paid at Indianapolis, Ind. PubSt., Indianapolis,
at 2457 E. Washington
monthly
lished
Indiana.
of Contents
Table
Page
Articles of the Month
6
Would YOU Like to Save a Nickel an Hour?....
Hunger Is the World-Wide Despot ...........0.0.. - 2G
National News
‘... With Liberty and Justice For ALL’ ............ 3
Civil Rights Crisis Stresses Need For Jobs ....... . 4
Letter From Birmingham Jail .........ccccccccccsscccncees Scag)
Coalition Fights Area Redevelopment ................ ao
Bo
ER
International News
Re Be
How Sweden Achieves Full Employment ............ 14
UAW Delegation Attends Youth Rally ....u.0.0.. 14
WITH THE WHITE HOUSE in the background, Mrs. Cathrine Gelles, international representative
auxiliaries, pauses to read the AFL-CIO policy resolution on civil rights. Mrs. Gelles,
for UAW
vice president of the AFL-CIO National Auxiliaries, had just come from a meeting with President Kennedy as one of some 300 leaders of almost 100 women’s organizations in which he
urged their support for civil rights.
Union News
Challenges
Tne.
Chrysler, Canada:
Features for the Family
Commer May Get
Victory Scored by UAW
In White Collar Election
WALTER
WASHINGTON — Another step has been taken
-down the long road which must inevitably lead
to
who is director of UAW’s Technical, Office and
Professional (TOP) department. The election was
conducted by the Ontario Labour Relations Board.
H¥gn
their
decisive
for
vote
UAW,
the
among
white
industrial
of last
have
both
year,
the
that
contended
the
with
of Appeals
George Burt
Nelson Jack Edwards
Douglas Fraser
Martin Gerber
Ted Hawks
Robert Johnston .
Charles Kerrigan
Bard
the
court’s
company
the
edict.
government
has
not.
fully
RSAC
here.
In
its petition,
board
the
the
asked
court
a week
while
striker
replacements
were
retained
rs
ke
ri
st
g
in
in
ga
ar
-b
no
d
an
ct
ra
nt
co
no
on the job;
d
se
fu
re
er
hl
Ko
e
il
wh
rk
wo
to
ed
in
cl
—those who de
it.
th
wi
n
ai
rg
ba
d
an
W
UA
the
to recognize
UAW Director, forecast.
automobile feeder plant
offices in the wake of the union’s Chrysler victory.
INTERNATIONAL STRIKE FUND
FOR JUNE,
1963
©
1963
TOTAL STRIKE FUND ASSETS
ce $54,379,862.94
tase eers
isa cess secs ptbdeesteevinrer
EG 5 TS
INCOME FOR JUNE, 1963 ................ » 1,352,229.75
............ $55,732,092.69
161,011.43
1963...
TOTAL TO ACCOUNT FOR ................. $54,616,752.71
236,889.77
DISBURSEMENTS IN MAY, 1968 .....
TOTAL TO ACCOUNT FOR
DISBURSEMENTS IN JUNE,
TOTAL RESOURCES,
irises esses case sence $54,379,862.94
TED OR RO
There were 11 strikes in effect at the time of
this report involving 1,000 members of the UAW.
TOTAL RESOURCES,
cheb cash tee posinanscy $55,571,081.26
i Roane
ee
There are 13 strikes in effect at the time of
this report involving 1,000 members of the UAW.
Young
ANE AVENE DARIO LENSE VOB
GIDL PLL
TE
L IBIASL E LEGENDS
:
Frank
Winn
Public
Relations
and
Publications
De-
Santiestevan
Public
Relations
Public
Relations
Dale, Jerry
Bailey, Jerry
Alpert, Bernard
Simon
Lipton, Ray Martin and George Ryder
Howard
Hartford,
Editor
Managing
Publications
and
Assistant
and
Department
Joe
Director,
Walsh
Editorial Consultant and Assistant
and Publications Department.
to
These 44 are representative of hundreds of others
in the same categories.
them are releasees—strikers who were
Among
r
de
or
in
er
hl
Ko
om
fr
e
as
le
re
a
in
ta
ob
obligated to
reo
wh
s
er
ik
tr
—s
es
re
ti
re
e;
er
wh
se
el
d
re
hi
to be
ikstr
k
ee
kw
or
tw
or
sh
;
ike
str
ng
lo
e
th
ng
ri
tired du
rk
wo
of
s
ur
ho
32
ly
on
d
re
fe
of
re
we
o
wh
ers—those
Director,
and
Ken Morris
George Merrelli
Pat O’Malley
E. S. Patterson
Ken Robinson
Ray Ross
Paul Schrade
TS ALITA SEH EOI ENB ESE OYE
Henry
Staff
-
instatement.
PER ING EROSRR ASEH Shp RO
RR
partment
order reinstatement and payment of lost wages to
44 named employees who fall into four categories
of workers the NLRB believes are entitled to re-
local celebrated their 20th anniversary in UAW.
At a rally shortly before the election, UAW
President Walter P. Reuther told the Chrysler employees their identity as office workers would be
protected in the UAW.
:
|
eA
Editor
The ULRB charged the Wisconsin plumbingware
firm had failed to comply with the 1962 decree of
the court enforcing a board order that Kohler offer job reinstatement to employees who were on
strike from 1954 to 1960.
collar groups
TOTAL STRIKE FUND ASSETS
ia secigiv preter etncjiess sn soveses $53,209,592.21
PRINTED,
INCOME FOR MAY, 1968 ..................... 1,407,160.50
and
UAW
Concrete action came early this month when the
National Labor Relations Board filed a civil contempt proceeding against Kohler in the U.S. Court
Executive Board. During the Chrysler drive, moreover, Ford Motor Co. of Canada members of the
FOR MAY,
the
Kohler strikers and the payment by
Co. of about $3 million in back pay.
complied
that they are virtually voiceless when it comes. to
protecting
their interests,
unless
they
have
a
union.”
4
15-month drive to organize the Chrysler ofa
fice employees was led by James J. Hogan,
UAW International Representative. He was assisted by Ed Mooney, president of UAW Office Workers Local 240 and other members of the local’s
.George Burt, Canadian
a follow-up campaign at
800
than
While the firm has reinstated some of the exstrikers as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court order
with increasing rapidity in locations of industry,
educational requirements and in the nature of
the office environment.
“The office more and more is taking on a pro~
duction line atmosphere. All this combines to trigawareness
more
of
reinstatement
eventual
the
former
Kohler
white
collar employees
at Chrysler
emphasized their recognition that the traditional security of office workers is being upset increasingly by
rapid changes in office and engineering occupational procedures,” Fraser said.
:
“In addition, changes also have been occurring
ger a growing
international Executive Board
Members
Harvey Kitzman
Charles Ballard
Joseph McCusker
Ken Bannon
E. T. Michael
Ray Berndt
Members, American
Director,
Members
Newspaper
DIFFERENT
Guild, AFL-CIO
ADDRESS?
On the reverse side of this page is a label
with your name, mailing address and local
union number. If this is not correct, or if you
intend to move, please affix label to this form
in space allotted and fill in form and mail to
UAW Solidarity, 2457 E. Washington St., Indianapolis 7, Ind.
Affix label from your paper
in this area
SEILER
LASALLE IAEA
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RED
technological improveincreases in the numemployed by industry.
are in the Chrysler of
Windsor, said Fraser
Vice Presidents
RICHARD GOSSER
LEONARD WOODCOCK
PAT GREATHOUSE
BERRA
jobs, automation and other
ments have resulted:in big
ber of white collar workers
A total of 484 employees
Canada bargaining unit in
Secretary-Treasurer
EMIL MAZEY
NLRB Takes |
Kohler to Court
member-at-large, reported.
Non-union white collar workers are the largest
Single group of unorganized employees in the U.S.
and Canada. While cutting away many blue-collar
REUTHER
ERRATA
270 to
board
P.
EER
the union by
international
President
RR
Canada, voted decisively for
198,
Douglas
Fraser,
UAW
came when
in Windsor,
RE
industrial plants.
The white collar victory by UAW
office workers employed by Chrysler
in
employees
RR
professional
to or- -
RES
and
.......... 11
RRERFERERETERERRRE
office
drive
Boy’s Viewpoint
10
SSSR
technical,
nationwide
CRRRERERHERERRERRERES
MSESSRERRERRRRRRERRERHERERERRERRRERRRRRE
'
ganize
current
cciiliic.cceciscccsssccsees
Cover Photo: More than 150,000 turned out in Detroit in a tremendous ‘Walk For Freedom.’ Leaders of the ‘Walk’ included (left to right) John
Swainson, former Michigan Governor; UAW President Walter P. Reuther; Benjamin McFall, codirector of ‘Freedom Walk’;
the Rev. Martin
Luther King, Jr., and the Rev. C. L. Franklin,
co-director of ‘Freedom Walk.’
sizeable group of white collar workers employed
in a major industry has voted to be represented
by the UAW. The union’s victory was a vital move
in labor’s
Break.
Various Viewpoints
A Summer Job Changed
A
forward
Given Ag-Imp Council .........000000. 15
Skilled Tradesman Reports ........c..cccccceserse 15
I have always thought that all men
should be free... Those who deny freedom to others
deserve it not for themselves, and under a just
God, cannot long retain it... The world has never
had a good definition of liberty, and the American
‘One Nation,
people, just now, are much in want of one.
Abraham
under God,
indivisible,
with Liberty
and Justice
for All
AMERICA was founded on a cornerstone of
morality and freedom.
As the land of the free, it meant freedom
for everyone.
Its foundation in moral law
meant justice for everyone.
Many citizens are not free. Many are denied
justice. Freedom and justice are out of reach
for them, just as they were for their fathers.
and their forefathers.
They are second-class citizens in a country
whose people were to be first-class citizens
from the day they were born.
For, says the Declaration of Independence,
all men are created equal.
One
nation,
under
Pledge of Allegiance,
for all.
God,
with
indivisible, says the
liberty
and
justice
THAT i is what those who today fight for civil
rights are fighting for.
They are battling for the promise of this
country—the land in which they, just as we,
were born.
Yet there are some who still would deny them
the freedom and justice of first-class citizenship.
Among their strategists, sympathizers
and spokesmen are southern Democrats who
serve in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States.
To keep Negro Americans chained to second-
class citizenship, they join many Republicans
in voting to scuttle urgent legislation for all
Americans.
To show some “folks back home” that
they’re fighting President Kennedy’s efforts to
guarantee the same civil rights to all Americans, they’ve let it be known they'll vote
against
Kennedy-proposed legislation on all
fronts.
ust this month, the votes of such southern
Democrats were joined with those of many
Republicans in the Senate against the Kennedy Administration area redevelopment bill to
—
unemployment, which passed in spite of
them.
They’ve voted against hospital care under
social security for the elderly. They say they’ll
do it again. Other urgent bills also are on their
list.
Souines Sen. Harry F. Byrd, for example,
says that at the point a civil rights debate
begins in the Senate, the Senate Finance Committee he heads will halt hearings on President
Kennedy’s $10 billion tax cut measure.
Much needed legislation to aid all Americans,
therefore, is deeply involved in the civil rights
struggle.
But
at its center is the moral
issue
of free-
dom and justice for all.
For when these historic principles are cut
away from America’s cornerstone for any
Americans, they are cut away from us all.
Lincoln
Ciwil Rights
Crisis Stresses the Need for Jobs for ALL
ses
eee
Only a policy of
FULL employment
can end fear
and
joblessness
that kindle
racial
JHE civil rights struggle starkly
underlines the fact that along
with equality there must come full
employment, so that ALL—white
or Negro—may work, without fear
of either joblessness or discrimination.
That knowledge has been at the
heart of intense, emotion-packed
demands and demonstrations in
Philadelphia, New York, Chicago,
Detroit, Washington,
Los Angeles,
and many other cities.
fight
in the
factors
Other
against racial discrimination are
equally important — voting, equal
education, housing, business establishments. But wherever tensions
and unrest have been arising over
civil rights, a main emphasis has
been on jobs.
Young adults and teen-agers of
all races have been pouring into
force.
the work
to
go
work,
They’re
settle
responsibilities, raise
Without jobs, they
And there are far
jobs to go around,
down,
eager to
assume
families.
can’t do this.
from enough
especially for
unskilled, untrained, inexperienced
job-seekers.
,
Result is the “social dynamite”
March,
described in Solidarity,
1963. Prolonged, unsolved, hopeless unemployment — especially
for youth out of work, out of
school, out of luck—can bring bitterness,
frustration,
resentment,
anger.
It easily can be the fuse to set
off an explosion.
and understanding
SENSITIVE
of the problem, President Kennedy is moving insistently to solve
it. He’s making an all-out effort
to correct the wrongs that have
antagonism
slashed deep into American democracy.
His civil rights proposals, aimed
at wiping out second-class citizenship, are the most comprehensive
and far-reaching ever offered by a
U.S. President. He has held private meetings with business leaders and labor officials, leaders of
women’s groups, and others, urging all to open the way to hiring
more Negroes.
is making sure that Negroes |
fag
have equal opportunities with
whites to compete for federal jobs.
Spurred by the Kennedy Administration, government agencies—the
nation’s largest employer— have
been improving job situations for
Negroes.
But the key to expanding job
opportunities involves jobs with
companies—the private sector of
the economy.
Unless job openings
unemployment
rapidly,
increase
will remain high, and joblessness
younger work-seekers,
among
white and Negro, will go higher.
Aw
President
Walter
P.
Reu-
ther emphasizes the U.S. must
add the equivalent of 80,000 new
jobs every week—4 million new
jobs a year — over the next 10
years just to stay at present levels.
U.S. News and World Report, a
conservative publication, says five
million new job openings are needed just next year for full employment. And what of the years to
follow?
With full employment, job competition
will
be
at
a
minimum
among all workers, white and Negroes. Without
it,
the
“social
dyna-
mite” pressures are explosive,
‘
~~
Economic deprivation underlines Negro demands
EVEN when they have the same educational
background, Negro men earn only two-
ALMOST one out of every three Negro teenagers was out of work in the first three
|
months this year.
thirds as much as white men, according to the
latest available figures.
|
For instance, white men with college educations had a median income of $6,379 in 1961.
Negro men with the same amount of education had median incomes of $4,246. That’s
66.6 %—two-thirds—of the whites’ income.
The same approximate percentage—all averaging out to two-thirds for the Negro — is
shown at every other level-of schooling, starting with less than eight grades.
In the same period, joblessness was high for —
white teen-agers, too—but it hit almost one
out of every eight.
For Negro men 20 and over, unemployment
totalled 11.9% in the first three months this
for white men.
year, compared with 5.4%
For Negro women in the same age group,
unemployment amounted to 10.7% in that
three-month period, with joblessness for white
|
:
women totalling 5%.
UNEMPLOYMENT has. been twice as heavy
for Negroes as whites over the past 8 years.
One out of every ten Negroes was unem-
[JNEMPLOYMENT — 4.1 million people. 3.2
million are white. This includes approximately 900,000 teenagers. 900,000 are Negro,
end of 1962. One out of every 20 whites was
out of work in the same period.
(These are figures as of May when school
and college semesters were ending and millions
ployed, on the average, between 1955 and the
;
TWO-THIRDS of all Negro families were illhoused when the latest government figures
were gathered in 1960.
Compare
Franklin
D.
that
with
Roosevelt
1933. when
saw
two-thirds
Presient
of
the
in
ng
vi
li
s—
ce
ra
all
of
le
op
pe
ll
—a
on
ti
na
re
ti
en
inadequate,
ings.
substandard,
deteriorated
dwell-
including about 250,000 teen-agers.
of youth started their search for jobs.)
An excerpt from an open letter by the
Rey. King in answer to eight other religious
leaders who said his activities were ‘unwise
and untimely.’ |
NAY
friends, I must say to you that
we have not made a single gain
in civil rights without
determined
legal and nonviolent pressure.
History is the long and tragic story
of the fact that privileged groups seldom give up their privileges voluntarily. Individuals may see the moral
light and voluntarily give up their
unjust posture; but as Reinhold Niebuhr has reminded us, groups are
more immoral than individuals.
We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must
be demanded by the oppressed.
toward the gaining of a cup of coffee at a lunch counter.
I guess it is easy for those who
have never felt the stinging darts of
segregation to say wait.
UT
when
you
have
seen
vicious
mobs
lynch
your
mothers
and
fathers at will and drown your sisters
and brothers at whim;
When
you have
seen
hate-filled
policemen curse, kick, brutalize, and
even kill your black brothers and sisters with impunity;
When you see the vast majority of
your 20-million Negro brothers smoth-
ering in an air-tight cage of poverty
in the midst of an affluent society;
HEN you suddenly find your tongue
twisted
and
your
speech
stammering as you seek to explain to
your six-year-old daughter why she
can’t go to the public amusement
park that has just been advertised
on television, and see tears welling up
in her little eyes when she is told that
Funtown is closed to colored children,
and see the depressing clouds of inferiority begin to form in her little
mental sky, and see her begin to distort her little personality by uncon-
Frankly I have never yet engaged
in a direct action movement that was
“well timed,” according to the timetable of those who have‘not suffered
aor
from the disease of segregaion.
OR years now I have heard the
word “Wait.” It rings in the ear of
every Negro with a piercing familiarity. This “wait” has almost always
meant “never.”
It has been a tranquilizing thalidomide, relieving the emotional stress
for a moment, only to give birth to
an ill-formed infant of frustration.
We must come to see with the distinguished jurist of yesterday that
“justice too long delayed is justice
denied.” We have waited for more
—Then
HERE
of
ure in view of its passage
Senate.
Spurred by Douglas, the
by
the
original
area redevelopment bill was passed
two years ago, after President Kenne-
endurance
a time
runs
patience.
Coalition Fights ARA
is having tough sledding in Congress,
as a result of bitter opposition
by
the conservative Republican-southern
Democrat coalition.
The measure would provide
$455
million for the Area Redevelopment
Administration to pump into depressed areas. The ARA program is aimed
at helping private companies provide
jobs in high unemployment areas and
to assist in job-creating construction
of public facilities in those areas.
Largely as the result of intense ef-.
forts by Sen. Paul H. Douglas (D., Ill.),
the Senate June 26 voted 65 to 30 to
approve the bill. Senate action came
two weeks after
members
of
the
House of Representatives
narrowly
defeated a slightly different depressed areas bill. The House vote was 209
against, 204 for.
However, as
Solidarity
went
to
press, Congressman
Wright Patman
(D., Tex.), chairman of the
House
Banking
and Currency
Committee,
said he believed the House now may
reverse its earlier defeat of the meas-
comes
when
over,
the
and
cup
men
are no longer willing to be plunged
into an abyss of injustice where they
experience the bleakness of corroding
despair.
I hope, sirs, you can understand
our legitimate and unavoidable im-
goal of political independence, and we
still creep at horse and buggy pace
bill to help bombard unemployment by creating 247,000 new jobs
you will understand why we
find it difficult to wait.
than 340 years for our constitutional
and God-given rights.
The nations of Asia and Africa are
moving with jet-like speed toward the
A
sciously developing a bitterness toward white people;
When you have to concoct an answer for a five-year-old son asking in
agonizing pathos:
“Daddy, why do
white people treat colored people so
mean?’
When you take a cross country drive
and find it necessary to sleep night
after night in the uncomfortable corners of your automobile because no
motel will accept you;
THEN you are humiliated day in
and day out by nagging signs
reading “white” men and “colored”;
When your first name becomes “nigger” and your middle name becomes
“boy” (however old you are) and your
last name becemes “John,” and when
your wife and mother are never given
the respected title “Mrs.”;
When you are harried by day and
haunted by night by the fact that you
are a Negro, living constantly at tiptoe stance never quite knowing what
to expect next, and plagued with inner fears and outer resentments;
When you are forever fighting a
degenerating sense of “nobodiness”;
Bill
dy had emphasized its need during
the 1960 election campaign. It provided $375 million to finance job-creating projects.
But with ARA scheduled to run out
of loan funds this fall, President Kennedy asked Congress to okay an additional $475 million for the agency’s
operations and programs until June
30, 1965.
aL
Still Not Enough
Polke
rie
er
‘a seegea
Employment Up
June
of
1963
total
jobs
climbed
to 70 million and they’re still not
enough.
‘
|
|
?
Secretary of Labor W. Willard Wirtz,
commenting on the record-breaking
70 million figure, pointed out that during the past 15 years, the United
States has provided 10 million more
jobs for its citizens.
“On the face of it this seems like a
good record,’ Wirtz said. “When we
take note of the fact, however, that
unemployment is 1144 million more in
June 1963 than it was in June 1948,
we realize that the record is not good
enough.”
“WE'RE DOING
70 AND
HE'S STILL THERE”
Would YOU Like To Save a Nickel an Hour?
might—if you're
You
as Kaiser, HIP or CHA...
more
No
of such plans
a member
Because it means...
costs once your premium
is paid .. .
Your choice from a wide range of doctors...
All the care your family might need. .
UAW
ports.
"| FIGURE it’s worth a nickel an
hour pay increase to me.”
The speaker, a UAW local union
president, dropped the pencil he’d
been figuring with and leaned back
in his chair.
“Considering the size of my family, the number of times we take
the kids to the doctor, on the average, and the care my wife and I
need—sure, at least a nickel an
hour, this year.”
With the hard-headed, practical
approach of a union leader experienced in collective bargaining, this
local president had just figured out
in dollars and cents what dropping
his old kind of health insurance
and joining a new group health
plan meant to him and his family
—a choice made possible by a new
contract won by his union.
are
now
over
these medical
Cross-Blue Shield and commercial
insurance plans, most group health
plans make no further charges to
the consumer whatever, once the
regular premium is paid.
@e The care provided is as nearly comprehensive as it can be
made. All the medical needs of the
auEEeS family are met under one
roof.
:
® These plans are voluntary.
Most subscribers have chosen the
group health plan over a more conventional kind of coverage. In addition, the subscriber has a choice
of doctors within his plan. Typi-
in-
staying
care; the emphasis
healthy.
® The plans demand—and get
—high quality medical care from
|
their medical groups.
In HIP, for example, the qualifactions of every family doctor and
specialist have been approved by a
of distinguished
board
medical
physicians. And each doctor in a
medical group provides only those
services for which he has been
specially trained. Babies are delivered only by obstetricians, and
cared for only by pediatricians,
by
only
is performed
surgery
qualified surgeons, and so on.
To date, nothing has been done
to insure this kind of quality control over the private doctors who
are paid through the Blues or insurance companies.
on
a
fee-for-service
and. simply reimburse
or pay the doctor.”
the
major growth has come since the
late 30’s and particularly since
World
War
II.
The labor movement has contrib-
uted to this growth in two ways:
In some places—Detroit, for instance, where the UAW has initiated and supported CHA—the
labor movement has been responsible for the actual development of
plans, some serving only union
members and their families, and
others serving the entire community.
In many areas the labor move-
ment, whether or not it was responsible for the initial development of the plan, has been largely
responsible for its growth by mak-
ing membership in the plan available through union contracts.
1.
® The plans are consumer-oriented instead of doctor-oriented.
They are operated in the interest
of the consumer rather than the
physician,
|
® The plan stresses preventinve
MORE groups are organized
and as existing groups become
Benefits will be extended eventually to include dental work,
psychiatric care, ambulance service, evening and weekend office
hours, prescriptions. Each of these
benefits, in fact, while not found
generally in group health plans, is
already available in at least one
plan or another.
2
Some
* found
way
for
will
groups
presently
in
be
various
areas to cooperate in serving each
other’s members who happen to be
away from home.
|
GHAA is undertaking the development of a way to represent group practice plans in dealing with national accounts and industry-wide bargaining.
3.
“These plans differ from Blue
Shield, insurance, and other prepayment plans which pay for medicare
of the group
are deep, its
larger and stronger, with firmer
roots in the community, several
trends can be observed:
come through salary, partnership
|
or other pre-arranged plan.
cal
THOUGH ‘the roots
health movement
AS
from the medical group.
“Group medical practice is a systhe consumer
which
under
tem
receives comprehensive medical
service from family physicians, specialists, and other professional and
technical staff working as a team
in a medical center.
the group’s
is on
cally the family chooses a family
doctor and a family pediatrician
America defines the kind of medical practice provided by most of
its member organizations:
distribute
groups.
® All—or nearly all—of the
costs are prepaid. Unlike Blue
_ The Group Health Association of
“They
sup-
® The doctors are associated in
groups.
|
® The plans provide service directly to their members through
practice plans in the U.S. and over
4 million people belong to them.
“The doctors pool their knowland
equipment
experience,
edge,
records, and share responsibility for
their patients.
strongly
these plans and a number of
others scattered across the United
States and Canada share a number
of characteristics:
group
150
and
: gN SPITE of some local variations,
is group health? And
Wwerat
why are so many unionists,
like this local president, flocking
into group health plans in such
great numbers?
There
initiated
.
basis
patient
4
vere renee
The two largest and best known
of these plans—both serving great
numbers of UAW members—are
the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan
on the west coast and the Health
Insurance Plan of Greater New
York,
up fast with 51,000
Coming
members after only three years of
th
al
He
y
it
un
mm
Co
e
th
is
n
io
at
oper
Association of Detroit, which the
Government,
universities, . and
* foundations will make increas-
ing use of these plans, which offer
unexcelled opportunities for research and pilot studies. The maintenance of a good record system
for a large and stable group of
patients makes
possible statistical
studies not otherwise easily made.
THERE is nothing cheap about
good medical care.
But there are cost-saving features in group health plans which
have been demonstrated over and
over again.
Group health plans make efficient use of skilled health personnel and costly facilities by groupcontinuous
and
planning,
ing,
evaluation
resources.
of changing
“Our problem is not that we lack the competence,
the skill, the know-how. The problem lies essentially in
the effective economic utilization of health care resources.
be
uld
sho
e
car
lth
hea
ity
ual
h-q
hig
ve
si
en
eh
pr
om
“C
available to all. This is part of the tremendous task
'
3
6
9
1
,
y
l
u
J
—
,
Y
T
I
PAGE 6—UAW SOLIDAR
:
which the people of the world face.”
Walter P. Reuther
needs
and
—
SOF
3
se
Reprinted
operation
AMERICA
Senior
N.W.,
by
with
UAW
Citizens,
Solidarity
National
Washington
Inc.,
in co-
Council
1627
6, D. C.
K
of
St.,
KENNEDY TELLS SENIORS
CARE
ILL WILL PASS”
“HEALTH
President Kennedy’s address to the second annual convention of the National Council of Senior Citizens was
described by observers as one of the finest speeches on the
hospital insurance program he has ever given.
It was wildly cheered by the more than 1,000 delegates
who were present for the opening session. It was the subject
of a dispatch of nearly one thousand words over the United
Press International newswires to the nation’s press; it was
carried on several radio and television networks,
Secretary Celebrezze and Under Secretary Nestingen of
the U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare:
Senator Birch Bayh of Indiana, convention keynoter, and
members of the Board of the National Council were on the
platform when the President delivered his address.
The President was introduced by John Fitzpatrick of
Detroit, a vice-president of the Council officiating in the
absence, through sickness, of Aime J. Forand. Full text of
the President’s remarks follows:—~
“Mr. Fitzpatrick, Secretary Celebrezze, Secretary Nestingen, Senator Bayh, Distinguished Guests,
Ladies and Gentlemen:
“I want to thank you very much for a warm
welcome,
and I want to express my
Congress
and the Government
appreciation
to all of you for having come to Washington and
having once again brought to the attention of the
and the people
of
the United States the necessity of passing in this
38th Congress this very vital piece of legislation,
for hospital insurance for our older citizens.
“The distinguished doctor, Dr. Rusk, of New
York, told me that in making an analysis of the
health of people over 65, he found that people
who were engaged in great activities, such as this,
experienced better health than those over 65 who
stayed home, and did not concern themselves with
the public business. I would not like to think that |
your only reward for this effort has been the better
health that you enjoy because you are part of it.
I would like to think that your reward is not only
the feeling of a job well done, but the well being
of millions of your fellow citizens who, in the
years to come, will themselves move across the
threshold of age 65 and will benefit because of the
actions that you have taken.
“I must say I do not know why it is necessary
for Senator Bayh or for any of the rest of us who
believe in this program to have to come and make
speeches about it, because I do not know any prob:
lem or any remedy more obvious which now faces
the Congress of the United States. The average
older person living alone has about $20 a week.
There
is no
room
in that budget
for
a serious
illness. Yet one in six will require hospitalization
every year. The hospitalization will average two
weeks, and will cost over $900. A $20 a week income, $1,040 a year, is hardly enough to pay for
a $900 illness.
“The person who has no resources—he gets a
kind of treatment. He indicates that he is needy
and he gets some sort of help. But there is another
person who [ think is one that concerns us a good
deal, and that is the person who may have $3,000
or $4,000 saved up, or who may own their own
house with a mortgage, and may have two children
who may be in their 40’s, If that person gets sick,
the husband or the wife, they are in the hospital
for more than two weeks, maybe two or three
months, and there isn’t anyone in this room who
has not had a member of his family in the hospital
at one stage or another of his life for a long time,
and who does not know how much it can cost. So
it may run up to $1,000 or $2,000, or even higher.
‘And then he sells the home or he goes to his
children, he exhausts his savings, he has nothing
left.
“Now, the program we suggested will provide
that he will set aside during his working years an
average of $13 a year, not a burden for anyone
employed, $13 a year, And that man and woman
will know when they are over 65 that they will
never be a burden upon their children and never
be a charity case upon the national government
because they will have earned their way, and that
is what we want.
7
“We are not asking for anybody toe hand this”
This unusugl photograph
Citizens, June
of President Kennedy
about to address the second annual
13-14, was taken from just below the dais,
with more than 1,000 delegates,
The main
out, We are asking for a chance to have the people
who receive the benefit to earn their way, the same
principle established under the Social Security Sys
tem in the 30’s. You would not believe it necessary,
30 years later, after we have seen the extraordinary
success of the Social Security System,:-even though
it was passed over the most vigorous objections—
you would not think it necessary to say that hospital insurance shall be covered in the sam
manner.
|
‘There isn’t a country in Western Europe that
didn’t do what we are now doing 50 years ago or
40 years ago, not a single country that is not way
ahead of this rich, productive, progressive country
of ours. We are not suggesting something radical
and new or violent. We are not suggesting that
the Government come between the doctor and his
patient. We are suggesting what every other major,
developed, intelligent country did for its people a
ballroom
of the
convention
Willard
of the National
Hotel, Washington,
Council of Senior
D.C.
was
filled
generation ago. I think it is time the United States
caught up.
|
7
“T don’t think we ought to be second any place.
I think this bill will pass. We were defeated by
four votes three years ago. We lost it by two votes
in the Senate more than a year ago. My prediction
certain is that if the Members of the Congress,
House and Senate, have an opportunity to vote
on this, that this bill will pass-in the 88th Congress,
and when it does, every man and woman in this
room will know that it was not a victory merely
by the Members of the Congress or the Executive
Branch, but this was one piece of legislation that
was carried on the backs of the elder citizens of
this country.
‘“‘Ladies and gentlemen, I congratulate you all,
and after looking around the room, I look forward
with some anticipation to being over 65.
“Thank you.”.
:
O-N
Cc
D
ITE
VIS
N
TIO
VEN
CON
L
NCI
COU
AL
ION
NAT
THE
TO
TES
EGA
DEL
0
1,50
N
THA
E
MOR
CAPITOL HILL. A section of the crowd is shown here on the steps of the Capitol where they
They
em.
syst
ess
addr
ic
publ
a
over
ress
Cong
of
s
ber
mem
from
ches
spee
care
Medi
listened to
fraveled to the Capitol in 30 buses preceded by an old-time calliope.
OKLAHOMA DYNAMO SPEAKS UP FOR MEDIC
Rep. Carl Albert of Oklahoma pledged his ful
hospital insurance program. After the speeche
gates visited Congressmen in their offices.
ES
oS
=
=
8
terete tetete
SS
Parana
eres
anne
CONVENTION WELCOMING COMMITTEE GREETS THE PRESIDENT. As he stepped from the elevator at the Willard Hotel Ballroom President Kennedy
is greeted by National Council Vice Presidents Guy Fain, Cincinnati (left), Burt Garnett, Key West (center), and Special Projects Director Lawrence
A. Oxley, Washington, D.C.
:
MORE
THAN 1,500
DELEGATES
TO THE NATIONAL
of the Capitol where they listened to Medicare
30 buses preceded by an old-time calliope,
COUNCIL
CONVENTION
speeches from members
VISITED
CAPITOL
HILL.
A section
of the crowd
of Congress over a public address system.
:
is shown
here
on
the
steps
They traveled to the Capitol in —
BUT DELEGATES ALSO GREET PRESIDENT THEMSEL\
@ number of the convention women delegates
greet the President. The delegate shaking hand
Anne Butler of Rhode Island. Last year also phot
ont hit, the RONGHet GaMmawires.
w
e
UP FOR
|
:
MEDICARE!
pledged
his full
fter the speeches
heir offices,
House
support for
on
the
oe
Majority
he
Capitol
Leader
President's
steps
dele~
IDENT THEMSELVES!
On his way to the dais
ymen delegates seized the opportunity to
» sheldail hunile With-the: Prasident is: Mis,
.
year also photos of her greeting the Presi-
‘
2 r of| the House es
cad s was one
HOUSE
SPEAKER TALKS TO THE DELEGATES. Speake
John A. McCormack rgof Massachusett
speakers who declared their full support for speedy enactment of the President's program to provide hospital
© ef: the: firstof nore than a dozen
:
insurance through Social Security.
PLATFORM GROUP LISTENS ATTENTIVELY AS PRESIDENT SPEAKS. Seated on the dais, left to right, are: Burt Garnett, Nelson H. Cruikshank, AFL-CIO
Security y Depa
rtme
part
ment;
Oxley, John Fitzpatrick
Dallas
allas
Sells
Sells
( (AFL-CIO O
Ind.)
Ind.);:
John
John
EdelEdelman,
(Acting Chairman); E, Marjorie Melton
-T easurer; es Secretary
t
Secretary-Tr
( Missouri),
James
Odell, Detroit; Dora Schatz, Philadelphia, and Clinton Byers, Washington State,
C, O'Brien,
Cele
Ce brezze
Under
Secretary
( (HEW), )e Sen.
Birch
Ivan A. Nestingen
Bayh,
Lawrence
(HEW), Charles
A.
E.
AMA USES FEAR CAMPAIGN ON ELDERLY
WASHINGTON, JUNE 24—The American Medical Asso-
Nestingen continued, “The AMA’s chief spokesman
knows well that the financing of the Social Security system
has been studied again and again by distinguished groups
Ciation is seeking to scare older Americans against the
President’s proposed hospital insurance program by casting
false doubts on the solvency of the Social Security fund
of unbiased citizen experts, and each time it has been given
which pays seniors the monthly retirement checks they
desperately need to survive.
Reassurance to older people that the Social Security fund
is sound and scathing criticism. of the AMA’s shameful
campaign of fear, were made today to Sensor Citizens News
by Ivan A. Nestingen, Under Secretary of the U. S. Departe
ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, and by Nelson
H. Cruikshank, head of the Social Security Department of
a completely clean bill of health.
:
“One of the real cruelties of this kind of untruth
is that it is often heard or read by old people getting Social Security checks. Then, they begin to
worry about whether they will continue to receive
their payments. Some even become desperate because they know they cannot live without that.
monthly check. The Social Security Administra.
tion has received thousands of pathetic inquiries
resulting from such scare propaganda. It is difficult to dispel these fears and concern of the older
citizens,”’ Nestingen added.
Cruikshank said that for many years past those opposed
to the Social Security system have periodically indulged in
scate campaigns aimed at undermining confidence in the
the AFL-CIO, Nestingen’s department administers the
Social Security funds; Cruikshank, an expert in Social
Security matters, is a member of the 13-member national
committee which is making a comprehensive review of the
Social Security system,
Nestingen said the little
- group of doctors which rep| resented the leadership of the system’s ability to meet its
. American Medical Association
| had deliberately launched a new
wea
- campaign of fear to defeat the |
|
President's plan.
2
He said AMA leadership
used fear in their speeches,
public statements, publications,
films, advertising, and every
other means of communication
they could find. He said it was
doubtful if a more intensive,
or
better
financed,
campaign
to
ivan A. Nestingen
defeat a Presidential proposal
_
- fhas ever occurred in the history of the United States.
“The techniques they use follow a pattern,” said
Nestingen. “Usually they start with a completely
false statement designed to frighten the people who
are listening or reading. They know many people
‘freeze up and oppose change when they are afraid.
The AMA hopes that by using fear they can scare
enough people into opposing the President’s program so that it won’t pass Congress.”
The Under Secretary cited as an example the following
passage using the exact words from a recent Detroit speech
of the President of the American Medical Association,
Dr, Edward R. Annis:
“It’s mo secret to you men that Social Security is
already in difficulty ... Thete is nothing in the Social
Security fund but 1.0.U-’s ... The future is bleak indeed. It’s going to have enough trouble standing on its
own feet... And, if on top of this we add any other
scheme of financing, it’s merely going to add to the
already over-burdened Social Security system.”
Dr. Blue Carstenson, Executive Director, in his annual
report, said that the effectiveness of the affiliated clubs and
area councils in reaching lawmakers and in mobilizing
public opinion had improved considerably since the last
:
convention.
“This is true even though the Anderson-Javits amendments in the U. S. Senate lost
fe
by one vote last July,” con==) tinued Dr. Carstenson. “We are
much better campaigners today
and ‘Medicare’ will be successful in any future vote in the
House or Senate,”
He
re
rted
that
NCSC
members distributed millions of
pamphlets last fall when they
took the Medicare issue to the
American
public and urged
—: them to sup port Medicare
| candidates in the November
election. He said the senior
Dr. Blue Carstenson
citizens’ vote importantly helped to re-elect Senators Clark, Javits, Kuchel, Long, and
Johnston. It helped defeat such men as Senators Capehart,
Wiley, Bottom and helped elect new Senators such as
Nelson, Bayh, Ribicoff, and McGovern who. campaigned
for health care through Social Security. Importantly, said
t E>
Dr. Carstenson, this was not partisan politics because seniors
were determined to vote for Congressmen who supported
Medicare and against those who were opposed to Medicare
—tregardless of the political party label of the candidates
|
involved.
“The National Council can be proud of its No«
vember election campaign efforts,” continued Dr.
Carstenson. By highlighting the importance of
the Medicare issue to the voting public and making
it clear which candidates honestly support Social
Security financing for aged health care, we were
able to improve our position in the House and
Senate. On the other hand the American Medical
Society’s AMPAC organization flopped miserably
in its first political fling. They relied on buying
public support—we fought for issues.”
The Executive Director said that the number of affiliated
Page 10—SCN
UAW
SOLIDARITY—July,
ao
Cae
e
e
there is no need for fear
on the part of any of our
senior citizens that the So-«
cial Security system will be
unable to pay the benefits
provided by law,” he cone
tinued. ‘Moreover, they
meed have no fear that the
enactment of President
Kennedy’s program for
hospital insurance would
jeopardize the stability of
fund,
re a
the
|
"Since aside from all other
Nelson H. Cruikshank = -easons, the proposed bill
sets up a separate fund for payment of these spe-
cific benefits.”
|
|
Cruikshank said the Social Security Act provides 4
seties of safeguards for the continued solvency of the system. First, the Trustees of, the two Funds (Old-Age and
Survivors’ Insurance and Disability Insurance Funds) must
report to Congress each yeat on the financial condition of
the two programs. These Trustees ate by law the Secretary
of the Treasury, who is also the Managing Trustee, the
Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Health, Education, and
Welfare, and the Commissioner of Social Security. Their
last report, issued in February 1963, showed that the Olde
Age and Survivors’ Fund was in close actuarial balance.
In addition, Congress has ptovided for a periodic review
of the financial condition of the Social Security system by 4
group of independent experts drawn from outside the
check on the government's findings, The last such group
included bankers, private insurance officials, leaders from
both business and labor, as well as distinguished economists
from our leading universities, Their unanimous report of
January 1959 included the following statement:
©The Council finds that the present method
of financing the Old-Age, Survivors’ and Disability Insurance program is sound, practical and appropriate for this program. It is
our judgment, based on the best available cost
estimates, that the contribution schedule enacted into law in the last session of Congress
makes adequate provision for financing the
program on a sound actuarial basis. .. .
“Tt is our judgment that the program is in
elose actuarial balance since the level-premium equivalent of the contribution rates varies
from the estimated level-premium cost by no
more than 14 of 1 percent of covered payroll.”
“Now the system is again being examined by another
such advisory group,” continued Cruikshank. “If there
should be any weakness it will be reported to Congress in
ample time to make the necessary correction.”
In fiscal 1962, the fund (official title “Old-Age and
Survivors’ Insurance Trust Fund” or OASI) received $11,
985 billion from contributions and interest on investments.
It disbursed $13,259 billion for benefits, administrative
expenses and transfers, The net loss was almost $1.3
|
:
billion.
But this does not mean that the system is financially unsound. Beginning in fiscal 1964 the Trustees of the fund
estimate the fund will go back into the black, and they
project that during the next four fiscal years the fund’s
income will exceed its outgo by a comfortable margin of
more than $3.1 billion.
It will go into the black because the number of taxpayers
will increase from 75 million now to around 80.6 million
in 1967. Taxable earnings will be climbing too. It. will
go into the black again despite the fact that’ benefit payments will be mounting sharply from $13.8 billion this year
to almost $16.7 billion in fiscal 1967.
The part of the program which will continue in the ted
is the comparatively small Disability Insurance Trust Fund.
This deficit can be easily taken care of by allocating to this
fund a minor part of the next increase in Social Security
taxes, now scheduled for 1966,
. The AMA spreads false fears,
PRIVATE INSURANCE HEALTH CARE PREMIUMS
CLIMB FASTER THAR HEALTH CARE COSTS
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR’S
REPORT
Soo
:
future obligations.
“I can say, categorically,
government, They are empowered by law to have access to
all pertinent data and to employ their own actuaries to
1963
The insurance industry has Jaunched a massive campaign
to discredit hospital care through social security with a fresh
batch of policies. When Congtessman Forand first intro-
lives. These are standard, big-name comprehensive policies.
The older, average senior citizen, getting slightly more than
$1,000 from all sources, simply cannot pay between a fifth
duced the Forand Bill, there were no such senior citizen or a fourth of his cash income for adequate medical inpolicies,
surance,
There ate an estimated 600 senior citizen policies at the —
Many of the insurance policies sound good in
present time, most of which are not worth the paper they the advertisement. However, when the fine-print
are written on. Fly-by-night policies such as were dreamed
contracts come—after sending in the coupon and
up last summer and fall often get insurance companies into after hours of struggling to interpret legal verbiage
difficulties, such as with Blue Cross. It is noticeable that -—little in the way of protection is actually offered.
Blue Cross is not currently advertising senior policies as At the present time the Department of Health,
they were last fall. The grandiose promises of Blue Cross Education, and Welfare indicates that only about
are beginning to come home to roost.
15% of medical costs of seniors are paid by
In Michigan, Blue Cross testified for the need of a sub- insurance.
|
stantial increase in premiums, Last fall during the elections
Ask any Senior Citizen group the question:—-“Have any
they advertised for senior citizens to sign up. They took in of you had the experience of a policy which sounded good
$18,000,000 in premiums. Then came the trouble. They
what
pay
not
did
y
polic
the
down,
were
chips
the
when
but,
had to deliver $34,000,000 in benefits. The result, $16,000,hands
of
ity
major
ly
the
?”
Usual
d
would
it
ipate
antic
you
000 in the red in one year which the younger policy holder
come
up.
had to absorb. Now they are begging for an inctease in the The cost of medical cate is generally known as the fastest
premium rate, and will probably get it.
startling,
more
is
what
But
.
living
of
cost
the
in
item
g
fisin
‘We have long known that a comprehensive insurance
is
care,
Aospital
of
cost
the
examine
to
begin
you
when
policy, one that covers two-thirds of the health care bills,
every
doubling
rate,
fast
very
a
at
up
go
to
s
continue
it
that
would run in the neighborhood of $220 to $240 per year,
United
the
in
day
per
cost
hospital
average
The
years.
ten
depending on the part of the country in which the person
States after World War II was $10 per day. By 1950 it
had gone up to $15 a day—by 1960, it had gone up to $32
Organizations and total membership of the National Council
had grown. In the past year, he said, members of the Board
and national staff had visited more than 200 cities in 33
states, Intensive organizing campaigns have been carried out
in Florida, in Detroit, Minneapolis, Chicago, and the greater
Washington, D.C.areas,
Dr. Carstenson said that the continuing job of the clubs
in mobilizing public support behind the President’s hospital
insurance program was broadened as the National Council's
own aims and objectives were expanded. Many clubs had
undertaken special efforts in voluntary service to their community and had supported the proposed National Service
Corps. Some clubs had taken on the problem of obtaining
drug discounts for older people at local stores, opening new
Senior citizen centers, and participating in housing projects,
-—and by 1970 it is expected to be around $70 a day. It is
jumping up on schedule, This past year it increased about
10%.
:
What is more shocking is the fact that hospital
insurance is going up at a faster rate than even the
cost of hospital care.
Most states have had the experience of Blue Cross
faising its premiums about every two years. While most
people today cannot afford hospital insurance at current
prices, within a few years private hospital insurance—of
a comprehensive type—will price itself out of reach for
better than 80% of the senior citizens, One-third of all
senior policies are now being paid for by the children of the
policy holders. Most policies pay one-third to one-fourth
of the total hospitalization costs,
In
1907
and
’08 I was
a student
at Trinity
This moving account of the lot of textile mill
workers in the South of a half-century afo
was written for Solidarity by George F. Taylor, physicist and metallurgist of Grosse Point
Woods, Mich. Now 76, Mr. Taylor worked one
College, now Duke University, located in
Durham, North Carolina. When summer vacation came I had not enough money to pay my
way home to Franklin, N.C.
So I canvassed the city looking for a job. A
major depression was on at this time. As a last
resort I went to a cotton factory and got a job
at $1 for a 12 hour day, and 6 days a week. I
worked there until the fall term of college began.
My job was to take the cotton as it came
through a chute after ginning, carry it an armful at a time and throw it into a big hopper
for further cleaning and processing. I breathed
enough dirt on this job to cause life-lasting injury to my lungs.
Most of the employees lived in one community facing so-called streets which were too
narrow and muddy in rainy weather to be used
for transportation.
Houses
Unpainted,
summer in a cotton mill in Durham, N.C.,
back in 1908, and what he saw of the wretched life of the mill hands—men, women and
children—during
men
on
so
As
.
ts
fi
ne
be
e
ag
d
ol
no
re
we
There
as an employee (perhaps around
50) showed signs of dragging his feet, he was
called to the office and told that he was not
needed any longer.
What could he do next? That was his problem. He might have sons and daughters working in this same factory, but they could scarely keep alive themselves,
“Work until you are ready to drop dead,
then drop out and drop dead.” It was no concern of the factory management,
14%
23%
23%
28%
38%
in
in
in
in
the United
France
Italy
Japan
in West
Kingdom
Some employers, even while conceding that wages abroad are rising much
faster than wages in the US., say,
employers
“Ah, yes,’ but American
are
with
saddled
a
range
of
fringe
benefits which
aren’t expressed
in
hourly rates but which represent a
terrible
burden,
in cost, on
U.S.
em-
ployers.
That one falls apart, too, when you
give it a hard look. Here, for countries quite comparable to the U.S., are
fringe
of
costs
comparative
some
benefits to hourly earnings:
In the US.
fringe benefits cost
about
1/5
of
the
amount
of
hourly
earnings.
In Germany, Belgium,
and
Netherlands, they cost about %
the
the
amount of hourly earnings.
|
In France, about % the amount. In
Italy, the cost of fringe benefits and
hourly earnings are nearly equal.
Town
On
one of these Sunday walks which I
took I got to wondering if there was
anything at all I could do to bring about a betterment of conditions for these oppressed people. I felt that they deserved something better
EYE OPENER
@® NEWS |
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GUY
NUNN
California
Los Angeles
Connecticut
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Illinois
Aurora*
Chicago
Indiana
Anderson
Maryland
Baltimore
Michigan
Detroit
Flint
Grand Rapids
Muskegon
Missouri
Kansas City
St. Louis
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Jersey
Newark
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New York
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Ohio
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Pottstown
*Program
© WEATHER
KHJ
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WHAY
WATR
910
1320
6:00-6:30 A.M.
1580
1000
2:00-2:30 P.M.
5:45-6:15 A.M.
WKKD
WCFL
=
1470
WHUTU
WCBM
CKLW
WAMM
WMAX
WKBZ
|
6:00-6:30
6:15-6:45
A.M.
A.M.
3:30-4:00 P.M. .
|
680
6:00-6:30 A.M.
800
1420
1480
850
6:15-6:45 A.M.
6:09-6:20 A.M.
KCMO
KADY
810
1460
WIRZ
WTTM
970
920
WUSJ
1340
WLW
WERE
700
1300
WPAZ
1370
tor, Halderman Julius, told him my story and
asked if he would send me a sizable supply fox
distribution. I planned to put a copy of this
publication in every house in shanty town.
I could not deliver the papers in day time
for obvious reasons. So I waited for the full
moon and no wind. Then I took the papers and
pushed one under each door. I had not a long
way to walk because my room was in a dormitory of the college.
Deplorable
Conditions
Were
Ignored
These deplorable conditions existed not only,
in sight of the factory owner but in the very
shadow of a great university in which I was a
student, yet I never heard a word about social
injustice in our land.
After dropping out of college upon finishing
my junior year and joining the Navy, 4 years
later I returned to the University of North
Cig eg at Chapel Hill where I was graduated
in 1915.
I never had a chance to learn whether or
not my efforts at the Erwin Cotton Mill bore
any fruit. But I did learn that a few labor organizers from the north, to whom I had writs
ten, had come almost at the risk of their lives
and were making some progress organizing a
union, And long since I have learned that the
union finally succeeded and that practically all
of the abuses which I had seen had been swept
away.
The trouble all along was this: the workers
did not know that they did not have to live the
way they lived, and that there was a better
way of life for them if they would but organize
and demand it.
My personal career led me into a situation
in which I would normally be on-the opposite
side of the table from the workers. But my,
experience and observations of that one sums
mer placed me on the worker’s side for life.
Health Costs Up,
‘Even for Groups
A
crisis
in health insurance has developed
as the result of rising medical costs and the
inability so far of unions and management to
control these costs.
Not only do retired people find it difficult to
adequate
health
insurance
at prices
they
towards
hos-
can afford, but even the group insurance of
active workers has been diluted by rising costs,
labor insurance experts report. In fact, the present system of indemnity insurance provided by
many labor contracts itself has contributed to
the leaping costs.
Indemnity insurance usually provides spe-
cific
allowances,
such
$15
a day
pital care, or $150 for an appendectomy or $3
-for office visits. But as doctors and health services have raised their fees far beyond the als
lowances paid by the health plans, even insured
Time
3
K.C.
Station
and that there should be a way of getting it.
I remembered that I had once seen somes
where a small paper entitled “Appeal to Reas«
on” and that it discussed just such problems
as,I was concerned with here.
By searching I found it. I wrote to the edi-
buy
THE VOICE OF THE UAW
Waterbury
Germany
in Shanty
Since the commissary was owned by the owner
of the factory the workers got another shakedown there.
:
The owner always
ot the employee a little bit in debt. The worker could not leave (or
thought he could not) until he was paid up,
and he never could quite get paid up.
Sometimes on a Sunday I would take a walk
along the railroad tracks which separated the
mansion of Mr. Erwin, the owner, from the
shanty town of the employees. The former was
situated on a beautiful knoll, surrounded by
some 10 acres of well kept lawn, shrubbery
and flowers and trees. On the other side of the
tracks but in plain view from the mansion was
_ the shanty town of the workers.
I asked him about what we now call fringe
benefits—death benefits, severance pay, vacations with pay, etc. He did not know what I
meant but it was obvious there were no such
things, not even vacations without pay.
tory. workers lag behind other indus!
trial countries’ increases,
From 1955-62 hourly earnings rose
by:
9% in the USS.
Lived
The pay was largely in commissary checks.
all time.”
fac-
at play.”
Workers
Knowing I was a beginner earning one dollar a day I asked a worker if I might get a
raise in time. He said “No, a dollar a day for
of
.
Cleyhorn, “The Golf Links”—“The golf course
lay so near the mill that almost any day, the
laboring children could look out and see the
hand and carried in a bucket to the house.
earnings
“placed
the moment the machinery started.
A woman, usually the wife of an employee,
was paid 90¢ a day and the children by age
down to 20c. The children did not attend
school. There was no school in reach and even
if there had been there was no means of getting
to and from school.
So what could the parents do but put them
in the factory where they could earn a few
pennies and at least steal an occasional glance
out of the window. This calls to mind a pertinent quotation from a poem by Sarah M.
one for about every 6 houses. All of the water
for the household needs had to be drawn by
hourly
summer
ed at his machine or post ready to resume work
On the side of the “street” there was a well,
average
one
If the machinery
of the mill stopped
through some mechanical failure, such as a
broken belt, the time lost, even though as little
as a few minutes, was deducted from each employee’s pay, even though each worker remain-
All Alike —
T would appear that U.S. employers
are going to have to give up their
decades-old claim that foreign competition makes wage increases here
impossible—and that high American
wages are a handicap to American exporters.
The economically advanced nations
of both Europe and Asia are moving .
equality
wage
very rapidly toward
with the United States ... which
is just another way of saying that
that
me on the worker's side for life.”
The houses were all alike and consisted of
two rooms about.8’x10’, besides a smaller room
in back for a kitchen. They were unpainted
outside and in and were supported over red
clay gullies to about the height of a man’s
head on the highest side.
They were blackened by the weather and
there was not a vestige of grass or flowers, nor
any vegetation, even trees.
U.S.
Boy’s Outlook Forever
Job Changed a
Summer
A
families are being compelled to pay an increas-
ingly large share of their medical bills out of
pocket.
Your “fringe dollar’ has been buying less
and less medical care.
|
Higher benefits have been negotiated in many
health-insurance plans during the past four
years
costs.
in an attempt to catch up with actual
But even the new payment levels have
not been able to overhaul the climbing costs of
hospital and medical care.
The whole pattern of set allowances is come
ing apart at the seams, says Jerome Pollack,
formerly of the UAW Social Security Dept.,
and now director of the New York Labor-Management
Council of Health & Welfare Plans.
Medical costs have climbed faster than other
living expenses. Even since the 1957-1959 period, medical costs have risen 16 per cent come
pared to an overall rise in the retail price ins
dex of 6 per cent.
6:15-6:45 A.M.
6:00-6:30
A.M.
6:15-6:45 A.M.
aired each Wednesday
only
Page 11—July,
1963
je
UUUNVOUEVIOUAUAUVANUSEAUUGGOUEEA
HEAL HOPAOREATEEOOVEODEOEOUOGAOHEODOOAOUOSUEOU
OUOQODEOADURAQUG
ODOEOOUOGODOGEQEOGOOEOSOOOEADDOOTOOODOEOO
OUUVEGOUEOTCEROG
ERGO ESATA THAI
YO
Senior Citizens Push
Kennedy bill for health insurance for the aged through Social
Security is given a good chance
of passing Congress this year, after
years of effort on the part of organized senior citizens, labor unions and other community groups.
The bill was pushed a little
closer to victory by one event last
month in which UAW
members
were active participants. The National Council of Senior Citizens
called in some 1,500 delegates,
representing senior citizen groups
all over the country, to a convention in Washington for an extraordinary display of grass-roots lobbying.
The delegates, ranging in age
from 60 to 109, massed on the
steps of the Capitol to listen to Congressional leaders and then paid
PELGCAUTEAAAATUUGEOEANATUDATATONTOVEV ENED EVETEROOUTOEDELEDEAS EGER EA EEDA EEE AE EEEA EA EATEN THETA
Fae
Ann Mulrooney, a winsome Irish
r
he
h
ug
ro
th
ay
-w
rt
pa
ly
on
lass
or
ni
Se
e
th
by
nt
se
s
wa
,
's
70
in
s
ad
he
e
sh
p
ou
gr
Citizens
as
),
ve
bo
(a
J.
N.
Paterson,
en
nv
co
e
th
to
te
ga
le
de
their
of
l
ci
un
Co
al
on
ti
Na
e
th
of
tion
.
on
gt
in
sh
Wa
in
ns
ze
ti
Ci
Senior
s
nd
ie
fr
ng
ki
ma
t
ou
ab
t
se
She
among the other delegates, a
process which comes naturally
to the retired member of UAW
300.
Local
W
A
U
r
he
ot
o
tw
ed
in
jo
e
Sh
platform
the
on
people
,
ft
le
k,
ic
tr
pa
tz
Fi
hn
Jo
:
w)
lo
be
Local 600 retired member from
Detroit, who acted as convenRetired
Workers
of the conHIGHLIGHT
vention for John Fitzpatrick
came when, as chairman of
he introthe convention,
Dept.
duced President Kennedy to
Below, Ann
the delegates.
Mulrooney scans the convention floor for friends be=
Below them hangs UAW’s fam-
ous
poster,
- « er
“Cast
distributed
me
off
throughout
the country in support
health care bill.
Page
not
12—UAW
of the
SOLIDARITY—July,
MULROONEY
3
Charles
and
chairman,
tion
Odell, director of UAW’s Older
end
ANN
fore the President
1963
calls
on
their
own
:
Congressmen.
For Health Care Bill
does,
every
man
and
woman
will
know that... this was one piece of
legislation that was carried on the
backs of the elder citizens of this
country.”
UAW
retirees
played
an
active
role in the convention. John Fitzpatrick, 74-year-old retiree of Local 600 in Detroit, is a vice presi-
dent of the organization and chaired the convention in place of the
ailing president, Aime Forand. Another was Ann Mulrooney, retired
from Local 300 and representing a
group of senior citizens from Paterson, N.J.
Here, in photos, are some of the
many activities in which these two
UAW
Ann Mulrooney and John Fitzpatrick look over the crowd of
senior citizens in front of the
U.S, Capitol, and below, are
joined by Mrs. Fitzpatrick, next
to microphone, in listening to
Rep. John Dingell of Michigan.
-
LOUVEVEVEVATAUECHEVADUOE DD EDATEDOUU EAE TEDEDEDA TATTERED ea
They heard President Kennedy predict that the bill would pass if Congress gets the opportunity to vote
on it, and he added: “And when it
THETEETE
GT EEE EEA EEA AEE
UVAAAUEVEVEPOEATELADEDUAUOUEUEOUU EAA ESEAEEECEREEE TE OE EOD
members participated.
Seniors’ Detroit
‘Peace Corps’ May
Be U.S. Model
§
WASHINGTON —_ U.S. Attorney
General Robert Kennedy says a proposed “domestic peace corps’ project
-at the UAW-sponsored centers for
senior citizens in Detroit ‘‘could be a
model for these projects all around
the country.”
Speaking to the annual convention
of the National Council of Senior Citizens here last month, Kennedy reported that the Detroit retiree centers served some 5,000 older people
a year, but weer badly understaffed,
and had asked for help from the proposed National Service Corps.
“The Detroit centers have asked
for 10 Corpsmen to work there and
also in the homes of senior citizens,”’
Kennedy said. “This would be a project in which senior citizens particularly could be extremely helpful to
other senior citizens.”
:
This Detroit project could serve as
a model for the 700 retiree centers
across the United States, the attorney
general said. The National Service
HEADING for the bus which will take
them to the Capitol for visits to
and
Ann Mulrooney
Congressmen,
John Volosin, N.J., regional board
Council,
National
of the
member
cross famed Pennsylvania Ave. Above,
Ann
and
John
Fitzpatrick
get
ready
to release their share of the 5,000
helium-filled balloons which bobbed
over the Capitol during the demonstration to urge passage of the health
care bill this year.
Corpsman could help senior citizens
in recreation and educational fields,
and could recruit them for part time
service in the centers, he added.
Kennedy asked support of the National Council of Senior Citizens for
the proposed National Service Corps,
which would be established by a bill
now pending in Congress.
He said that 4,000 questionnaires
had been sent to senior citizens to
ascertain their attitude toward the
National Service Corps.
Of those
who replied, 82% approved the Corps
proposal, and 57% said they would
join the Corps, or consider joining it,
when it is established, the attorney
general reported, adding:
“We all recognize there are problems abroad, that there are problems
in South America, in Asia, in Africa.
We also have problems here in the
United States: there are those in
this country who are being denrived
of equal rights and who haven’t got
the kind of life they should have
when they retire.
“We want to do something about
The President has proposed
that.
policies and programs in Congress
which will help in this direction, and
there are also many retired. people
anxious to make a contribution to
help others and who are in a position
to do so.”
The convention responded to the
attorney general’s plea by passing
a strong resolution in support of the
National
Service
propriate
$5
Corps
and
urging
set
up
Congress to pass Senate Bill 1321
and House Bill 5625, which would ap-
Corps.
million
to
the
Three experts from Sweden
tell a Senate subcommittee
how full employment is
achieved in their country
Arne Geijer (left), good friend of the UAW and president of
the ICFTU and of the Confederation of Swedish Trade Unions, was one of the experts invited by Sen. Joseph Clark (D.,
Pa.) to testify before his subcommittee.
6 labs
slack
periods,
government
*” spending is increased on a vast
scale for the construction of schools,
By HARRY CONN,
Press Associates, Inc.
OW do we
ment?
The Senate
the
achieve
full
employ-
subcommittee,
under
chairmanship
of
Sen.
Joseph
Clark (D., Pa.) probing into this complex problem in depth, set some kind
of precedent when it turned to three
experts from a foreign country and
asked how they have accomplished it.
The experts—one from labor,
one
from government and one from management—were
from Sweden where
joblessness has hovered between 1%
and 2% of the labor force in the last
_ years. It is currently 5.9% in the
.
The three Swedish spokesmen were
quick to say that what works in Sweden, a country of seven million, may
not be the answer in our nation of
180 million.
UAW
part in the International
Con-
Union’s
Trade
Free
of
federation
World Youth Rally in Vienna early.
this month.
(headed
delegation
‘The UAW
Larry Gettlinger, administrative
Walter
President
to UAW
by
as-
P.
Reuther) represented every region of
the union in the U.S. and Canada.
workers
young
than 4,000
More
from 70 countries of the world took
part in the 10-day conference. It opened July 9 in an Austrian camp constructed for the occasion by young
Viennese trade unionists, according to
Victor Reuther, director of the unDepartfon’s International Affairs
ment.
Rally activities included an inspection visit to the Hungarian Border,
visits to workers’ housing and health
centers, apprenticeship and training
young
locations, athletic events, a
artists of the world art exhibit and
seminars at which the delegate diseussed thelr problems as young workers.
UAW
members participated in a se-
vies of meetings on world metal industry developments in the auto, aircraft, and agricultural implement industries under the auspices of the International Metalworkers Federation
—
to which the UAW is affiliated.
the
for
organization
Sponsoring
outh rally in Vienna was the Aus(OGB).
rian Federation of Labor
A
continuing
Technical,
Office
advisory
and
council
of
Professional
Workers was established in the Canadian UAW over the June 22, 23 weekend.
office
Delegates from eight UAW
worker locals in Windsor, Toronto,
Oshawa, Chatham, Sarnia and Brantford were told by Doug Fraser, International UAW board member-at-large
and director of the union’s Technical,
Office and Professional Workers De-
partment
(TOP),
EEHSr
Michanek,
that
1958-59
seen during the threatened
investments
total
when
recession
went up, not down.
Sweden also has a National Employment Board which provides many
services including the encouragement
of labor mobility, increasing or reduc-
ing the demand
for
and
manpower
the influencing of industry location.
There are no private employment
agencies
in Sweden.
Board
The National Employment
finds job openings
for unemployed,
pays the cost of the worker to go and
‘look the job over, pays the expenses
of moving and readjustment to the
extensive
is
Also, there
new job.
Undersecretary
of Labor for Sweden, explained the
government’s economic and fiscal policies used to combat threatened recesSions or depressions.
training and retraining.
serious
more
year
At
year.
by
the same time he felt that with proper cooperation among labor, manageimpact
the
ment and government,
could be small.
He did have this warning:
“We in Sweden, as you in the United States, believe in democracy but
we must show that we can solve the
workers’ problems in a
than any dictatorship.”
better
way
ERTHIL
Kugelberg,
president
of
-the Confederation of Swedish Employers, was the third expert. Clark
observed that this corresponds to the
National
Association
of Manufactur-
ers and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce in this country, “but is far
more enlightened.”
Kugelberg said that 90% of production in ‘socialist’ Sweden comes from
private industry that operates
for
profit. He said that the Labor Government
has
not
imposed
“much
regulation.”
“Government has no reason and no
intention of interfering in negotiations,” he said.
“As long as employers handle the industry as well as
they have, there is no reason
it over.”
to take
Rally
Rallying slogan for the meeting was
“Live in Freedom—Strive for Peace.”
At the close of the youth rally July
19, the UAW delegation went to Berthe Berlin
lin where, as guests of
Metal Workers Union, they inspected
the wall dividing West from East Berlin and met with Berlin trade unionists to discuss methods for strengthBerlin
ening world support of the
freedom struggle.
On the last stop of their European
mission, the 30 UAW members visited
the Ford factory in Cologne and the
headquarters of the German metal
federation in Frankfurt
workers
union’s
the
they inspected
where
youth and education activities.
Wig
PAW’s participation in the ICFTU
Rally,” Victor
Youth
World
Reuther said, “is one aspect of the in-
creasing role by UAW
members
white
collar
in the
democratic union activities of the free
world.
“From these activities we envision
relationships
cooperative
effective
with workers abroad employed by the
international companies who are our
employers in the United States and
:
,
Canada.
|
“The International Executive Board
of the UAW gave further urgency to
UAW participation in the world youth
rally because of the need for US.
support to this belated youth effort
an
organizations in
by democratic
area which too often has been ceded
communist
by default to intensive
cultivation.”
White Collar Workers
UAW
spent during boom periods, it is taxed.
was
action
This counter-cyclical
the economic
that
He stressed
growth rate—which has been steadily
climbing in Sweden since World War
II—is a major factor in the healthy
It is now reaching
job situation.
434%, about 2% higher than in this
country.
Also, automation and technological
change have not yet become major
problems in Sweden.
But all three
experts believe that it will not be the
job shrinker that it is in the United
States.
Youth
HIRTY UAW members — forming
the only American delegation —
sistant
The labor representative was Arne
Geijer, president of the Confederation
also
and
of Swedish Trade Unions
president of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions.
ting
Delegation Attends
Vienna
took
railroads,
telephone
and
telegraph,
housing, roads, military programs and
subsidies to municipalities.
Also, government economists keep a
very close tab on the fluctuations of
the business economy. Business is encouraged to set aside as much as 40%
of its profits during prosperous periIf the money is spent during
ods.
slack periods, it is tax free; if it is
automation, .
of
On the question
Geijer said that the “problem is get-
flexibility
at
the
bargaining
table. He gave SUB (supplementary
unemployment
benefits)
as an ex~
ample of the kind of issue which is
important in the plant but not in the
Page 14—UAW SOLIDARITY—July, 1963
PRESIDENT KENNEDY signed the recently enacted “Equal Pay” measure into
(right),
director
of the UAW
law last month and Mrs. Caroline Davis
Behind Mrs.
as he did so.
women’s department, beamed over his shoulder
|
Davis is Vice President Lyndon Johnson.
Set Up Advisory Council in Canada
workers have shown more interest in
organizing in the past few months
than they have during the past six
years,
Fraser said the UAW was prepared
to offer white collar workers separate
identity in the union, including com-
plete
aoa eas
office, because of the different nature
of office employment.
Automation is rapidly undermining
the job security of white collar workers,
including
even
engineers,
Fraser
said. Office workers are witnessing
the dismissal of white collar workers
with 25 and more years of service.
These people are less easily trained
for new techniques and are considered expendable by management.
|
Office
workers
need
to
learn
the
real nature of unionism, that it is the
very
essense
work-a-day
of
democracy
life, a more
in
adult way
our
of
living because it requires the participation of all who are involved in the
decisions which affect a group.
George Burt, Canadian UAW Direc-
tor, hailed the setting up of the coun-
cil. He reported on the UAW’s drive
among Chrysler Canada Limited office workers, where a vote has been
ordered by the Ontario Labour Relations Board.
.
:
great challenges facing the laand the country
bor movement
today were discussed by UAW PresiVice
and
P. Reuther
Walter
dent
President Pat Greathouse at the triannual meeting of the union’s International Agricultural Implement and
Industrial Equipment Workers Wage
and Hour Council at Milwaukee, Wis.,
late last month.
The labor movement must not only
organize the unorganized but “unionize” the organized, Reuther told the
capacity audience of 150 delegates and
guests at the Hotel Wisconsin session.
Calling for intensified educational
efforts, he declared that millions of
American union members “do not know
or understand the labor movement.
They come in by way of the union
shop clause and never realize that the
union is not something apart from
the worker but IS the worker.”
declared that since the
EUTHER
merger of the AFL and CIO, “we
have wasted more than six years” in
arguments over the best way to organize the millions of unorganized.
But things are looking up, he said,
and
“prospects
for
organizing
are
better today than they have been in
a long time.” He cited these current
c er
drives
Council
Given Ag-Imp
Challenges
mands, we will be successful,” he predicted.
Discussing the joint study committees which have been set up with
management in the auto industry and
which are being set up in the farm
implement industry, Reuther pointed
out that “we won’t bargain at these
committee sessions, but we’ll be doing
our homework, and getting ready for
negotiations which begin next year.”
delegates
the
told
Se
competi-~
they faced formidable
tion in their efforts to communicate
with their members and to implement
the educational efforts called for by
President Reuther.
studies have shown, he said,
average American spends 35
week in front of his TV set,
a week listening tc his radio
Recent
that the
hours a
13 hours
— while driving — and 20 minutes ‘a
day reading his daily newspaper.
“You'll find that you can’t compete
with these entertainment media. Long
letters and leaflets won’t be reac. The
best way to communicate with your
members is to do it on a person-to-
person level,” he counselled, “but obviously you can’t talk to everybody.
So you have to seek out the opinion
makers — the people
listen to. Get to your
other people
stewards and
committeemen and to those key people whose opinions will be passed. on
to others.
RES"AKE a good look at your local
union publicity tools. If you have
to send a message to your members,
keep it short and snappy and on a
single sheet of paper.”
He also revealed that the UAW had
signed
an agency
shop
agreemen*
with International Harvester in Indiana, following similar’ action. at Indiana General Motors plants.
Both
followed a U. S. Supreme Court decision which
held that the agency
shop was legal in that state. Greathouse said the union was also meeting with the Allis-Chalmers Co. to
discuss an agency shop pact.
Other conference speakers included
UAW Region 10 Director Harvey Kitzman and Mayor Henry W. Maier of
Milwaukee, who welcomed the delegates to the city.
@ The AFL-CIO pilot project in the
greater Los Angeles area “where everybody helps everybody instead of
cutting each other up.”
@® Joint organizing drives sponsored
by the Industrial Union Department
(IUD) of the AFL-CIO in Chicago,
Boston,
South
Philadelphia,
Texas
Carolina.
Reuther
said
but “routine.”
collective
it
would
With
be
and
of Amer-
behind our de-
The committees are patterned after
similar ones in the auto industry.
The Allis-Chalmers Co. is the latest
to agree to such a committee, which
will discuss matters of mutual interest
but which will not negotiate contractual matters.
For the union — Greathouse; Davis;
Art Shy, assistant director, I-H Department, and International Representative Seymour Kahan.
For management — R. W. Batts, vice
president, industrial relations; W. J.
Reilly, manager, labor relations; C. D.
icans out of work and additional mil-
bilize our membership
Pres-
Members of the International Harvester Joint Study Committee are:
anything
lions of young people coming into the
at the
work force,” our delegates
Cleveland convention next year will
have to come up with a sound set of
demands which we will be able to defend economically and morally.
“We will have a $60 million strike
fund to back us up, and if we mo-
implement industry, UAW Vice
ident Pat Greathouse reports.
John L. Waddleton, company attorney.
bargaining,
millions
Joint union-management study committees have been set up in most of
the major firms in the agricultural
For the company
— William J. Mcand
director of industrial
Gowan,
community relations; E. F. Ohrman,
director of union relations; Harry F.
Twomey, Jr., deputy director of industrial and community relations, and
@® Organizing drives among teachers, government workers and other
white collar groups.
@ A special effort to organize 83,giant DuPont
000 employes of the
chemical empire, “the largest nonunion company in the country.”
1964
to the upcoming
ee
of
Study Groups
schel Davis, administrative assistant
to Greathouse; Burton Foster, assis~
tant director of the union’s A-C Department, and International Representative John Collins.
@ A drive to organize southern textile workers in runaway shops.
round
Pre-Bargaining
Members of the UAW-A-C committee are:
Heruse;
n
Greatho
For the un— io
examples:
as
UAW and Ag-Imp:
Evans,
Manager,
manufacturing
search, and P. R. Lescohier,
re-
attorney.
The John Deere Co. has also agreed
MORE THAN 150 DELEGATES and guests listen and
President Walter P. Reuther addresses Agricultural
Milwaukee. Only part of the crowd is shown here,
take notes
Implement
while : UAW
Council in
to form
a joint study committee,
Greathouse said, but the union has
not had word from the Caterpillar
Co. as Solidarity went to press.
The Skilled Trades Man Reports
far as production is concerned,
it seems to be full steam ahead
for the 1965 auto body die program.
The dies are to be built during 1963
and 1964.
Trade magazines, news reports and
other sources all predict this too] and
die automotive program presumably
will be as big or bigger than the -1964
program now being completed.
One source reports the 1965 die program will approach the same magnitude that the 1956 year produced.
AS
That
was
a peacetime high
for tool
—
and die manufacture,
Many Detroit tool and die shops are
clearing out their plants for the new
expected
program’s
rush.
Some,
in
fact, have turned down other work to
have their plants ready when the jobs
break.
This doesn’t mean there will be additional hiring. But it is expected that
employment -will continue as high as
it has been.
Chrysler
started on
including
Corporation
its 1965 die
sub-letting
has
already
construction,
certain
tooling.
General Motors’ Fisher Body division, which normally produces its own
dies, should be starting construction
of dies as this issue of Solidarity goes
to press.
A
Million
Manhours
At Ford’s Rouge plant, the 1965 die
program got under way during the
last part of May. Including various
engineering changes, well over a million manhours of diework are anticipated there.
the 1965 die program
Comparing
with other years, it’s expected to add
up to the equivalent of the 1964 program and should be one of the largest
in the past 15 years.
PY
plant
after
plant
across
the
US.
and Canada, managements have
been
introducing
new _ techniques
which
may
change
- ter of a trade
the whole
charac-
or result in elimination
of many, many
tradesmen
given classification.
Watch
in
any
Developments
for
Skilled tradesmen should be constantly alert to watch for those dethey happen—or
velopments. When
earlier, if the information is ayailable — the information should be sent
immediately to the International Union’s Skilled Trades Department.
Then the Department can move to
protect you.
_
|
recently
examples
are two
Here
brought to the attention of the International Union. The techniques now
are in practice at three or four plants
under UAW jurisdiction.
One process is called the HydroForm or Dieless way of stamping and
actually produces stampings which are
drawn deep without the use of a female die.
fn
other
words,
the
lower
the die is a steel punch.
half
of
the
die
The
half
is non-existent,
of
upper
What takes the place of the upper
half? What we generally would refer.
to as the ram
becomes
a
on the punch
hydraulic
press now
cylinder
filled
with hydraulic oil. This oil is retained
in the cylinder by a diaphram stretchand _ suitably
ed over the cylinder
moved into place.
When
the
the material
punch
or
male
to be stamped,
die
hits
the rub-
ber diaphram located on the ram or
cylinder of
the press
forms itself
around the punch under pressure from
the oil in the hydraulic cylinder.
Thus, it shapes the finished punch
without tool marks. The technique entirely eliminates use of the female die.
Therefore, die stampings now can
be produced that are drawn wihout
the use of a female die.
Another new technique now being
used is three-dimensional axis milling. This machine, operating on the
IBM
card
principal,
for the die room.
In negotiations
the Union
makes
with
the
templates
Company,
insisted that inasmuch
this
new
run
The
the three-dimensiona]
Company’s answer was
process
would
displace
as
tem-
plate makers, a template maker should
axis
NO.
mill.
Moggers detent
this matter still is
pending as to who should properly
operate this machine. When we asked
the Company executive at the negotiating session the following question,
“When
this three-dimensional
axis
mill is running properly, how many
template makers in your opinion will
this machine displace?”, his alarming
answer was, “At least 75%.”
:
No
Wood
Models
In addition, when the machine is
perfected, it will perform many operations on the Keller machine in this
new
process.
It requires
no
wood
models to be followed by the electrical
finger when the cutting element is
making
the
punch
as the Keller now
requires.
the
IBM
This
cards.
also
is
controlled
|
by
Not only can this new type machine
make template punches and dies; it
also is adaptable
to making
wood
models.
These two examples are among the
new techniques being introduced into
the tool and die trade. Many
in the hopper. »
more are
We urge skilled tradesmen to watch
for these developments in your plants
report such develop-~
and promptly
ments to the Skilled Trades Depart=ment in order that the Union negotiators in 1964 will, at the bargaining
table take proper remedial steps to
protect the tradesmen’s interest in
these new fields.
tayith prospective shortages of skilled
tradesmen
in prospect
in
Canada, interest is mounting in the
training of apprentices in the Dominion.
Apprenticeship program negotiations
theiu cnder the jurisdiction of George
Burt, director of the Canadian region,
were concluded successfully at the following plants:
Standard Tube, Woodstock, Ontario;
White Motors, Montreal; and Canada
Foundries and Forgings, Willard, On-
tario.
Tentative agreement
also
has
been reached with. Libby, McNeil and
Libby at Chatham, Ontario.
International Harvester and Mack
Truck garages in Montreal also are in
the process of negotiating with UAW
on apprenticeship programs.
But employers in Canadian border
areas seem reluctant to train apprentices in fear of losing them to higher
wage areas of the U. S.
World-Wide
the
Is
Hunger
Despot
Every day 10,000 people die of hunger...
In India alone, 50 million children
will starve to death in the next 10 years...
pean Uae
One-third to one-half of the earth’s 3,000
million are hungry or undernourished...
Only one-fifth of the world’s population
lives in plenty...
js
be-
in common
there anything
tween a dispirited, unemployed
Ulinois agricultural implement
an illiterate South
worker .
American farmer stubbornly hacking at barren earth with a wornout
Yet agricultural science, technology, unused
manpower enlisted in a program could
hoe .. . and an emaciated child in
an
out
Africa or Asia holding
empty food bowl?
UAW Vice President Pat Greathouse thinks there is. All three of
them, he says, represent the civilized world’s dismal failure — for
idiotic reasons — to find a way to
ease hunger all over the world.
depots and distribution centers for
. . . the tractors, the pumps, the
farm equipment, the road machinery, the other heavy equipment
needed to minimize the waiting period before all the people of the
world can sit down to an adequate
,
méal .3.-<”
|
use its vast manufacturing facilities and its daily-widening knowledge of farming to feed people who
in this era need not go hungry.
The director of the UAW’s agridepartment,
implement
cultural
sveaking for the union. made this
point at the recent World Food
Congress
, GREATHOUSE pointed out how
useful education on agricultural techniques could be—and for
that
where he
in Washington.
tle food
nations
escape
facts presented
At the Congress,
by FAO (the United Nations’ Food
and Agriculture Organization)
painted a grim landscape of unrelieved human want and misery the
world over — except here in the
U.S. and a few other places.
Only one-fifth of the world’s population—those lucky enough to be
born in North America, Western
Europe or Australia—live in plenty.
The average U.S. citizen, for example, eats 4.66 pounds of food a
day. A lucky adult in India may
get 1.23 pounds a dav. and most
of that will be rice. Fact is, the
family pet dog in the U.S. eats
better than an Indian worker.
It is expected
by
FAO
in
that
India alone, some 50 million children will die of malnutrition in the
next 10 years.
:
|
For that matter . . . 300 to 500
million people do not have enough
for
hungry
for the
in most
every sector of the world.
“Tt is now past the hour,” he
said, ‘‘when there should be regional universities, under the sponsorship of the United Nations, in
every area of the world, organized on the extension principle,
and adequately equipped to hasten
and training, not
the education
simply of a chosen elite, but of
entire populations.”
Furthermore, he added, ‘‘under
dernourished people EVERY DAY,
not just during periods of crisis.
a few
been
years—to those still using antiquated methods of growing too lit-
urged greater world-wide use of
adworkers,
industrial
skilled
vanced machinerv and growing information to put food before un-
Only
have
could
matter,
the auspices of the United Nations
to eat . . . one third to one-half of
the world’s 3,000 million people are
either hungry or undernourished.
while you and your
Tomorrow,
family enjoy their three meals,
their in-between meal snacks and
their candy and soda—10,000 people elsewhere on the earth will die
|
of hunger.
And that many will continue t
die every day from now on for the
same simple reason: they won’t
have enough to eat.
This, despite the fact that in
almost every crisis of famine that
comes to the notice of the civilized
world, tremendous amounts of food
are sent into stricken areas.
“Kor many years,” Greathouse
said, ‘‘we have supported every effort to establish world, regional
and national food reserves, including special food resources for use
in the event of famine, of flood and
other disasters.
“We now believe that the time
to establish similar
has come ..
scientific agencies, there should be
regional concentration and distri-
bution centers for every variety of
required to
scientific equipment
support the education, the train-
ing, the research and the planned
exploitation of natural resources
for the welfare of mankind.”’
Science is—and has been—readv
to be put to work to solve this
problem, Greathouse said. It sim-
ply has not been called upon often
enough in the right way.
People
must
be
enlisted
But there must also, Greathouse
said, be a kind of world-wide recruiting program to awaken popular support.
“To accomplish this we propose
that the United Nations convene a
world congress for the purpose of
implementing full employment
everywhere in the world men and
women are unemployed...
ws At
such
a world
congress
the
assumption
fundamental
should be that each human being
is a resource we cannot store, too
valuable to waste, with an infinite
capacity . . . to contribute to the
well being of his family, his nation
and the community of man.”
Greathouse pointed out, as an
example, that in the U.S. “today
there are approximately four million people unemployed” and ‘‘millions more
who
can
get only part-
time work or jobs below their highest level of skill.”
This “lost manpower” and ‘“‘unused production facilities,” he said,
be trans“could
ee
formed into tracharplows,
: tors,
: rows, haybDalers,
j>harvesting ma-
fchines, cotton
picks,
i pickers,
ishovels, hand
tools, pumps, irrii gation equipment,
* roadbuilding equip= ment, turbines, ce-
|
ment, chemical
Greathouse
and fertilizers, medicines, surgical
instruments, scientific instruments,
printing presses, trucks, cars, trailer, railroad track, water purifying
systems — in an abundance that
could rejoice the people in every
COURITY 2...
Greathouse said this proposal
from the UAW
was not advanced
simply ‘to export American unemployment.” But, he asked, “can
anyone — from any developing
country—say that in his land there
is an oversupply of tractors and
roadbuilding
and
pumps
water
equipment and bridges?
MWyHAT we in the UAW propose
is that the products of our
factory economy—and by our, |
mean the U.S. and Canada and
Germany
Brazil
- world
and
and
Great
Ghana
factory
and
Britain, and
India—the
economy—produce,
distribute and store, if necessary,
the manufactured articles and capital equipment just as we produce,
distribute and store farm. products.”
be
t
no
ll
wi
e
er
th
on
so
at
th
s
“The UAW hope
y
er
ev
at
th
.
.
.
d
rl
wo
e
th
in
re
he
a hungry person anyw
be
on
so
ll
wi
e
as
se
di
l
na
io
unnecessary nutrit
.”
st
pa
ng
di
ce
re
a
in
y
r
o
m
e
m
a
only
©
- Item sets